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The general graph Steiner tree problem can be approximated by computing the minimum spanning tree of the subgraph of the metric closure of the graph induced by the terminal vertices, as first published in 1981 by Kou et al. [18] The metric closure of a graph G is the complete graph in which each edge is weighted by the shortest path distance ...
Steiner tree, or Minimum spanning tree for a subset of the vertices of a graph. [2] (The minimum spanning tree for an entire graph is solvable in polynomial time.) Modularity maximization [5] Monochromatic triangle [3]: GT6 Pathwidth, [6] or, equivalently, interval thickness, and vertex separation number [7] Rank coloring; k-Chinese postman
The RSMT is an NP-hard problem, and as with other NP-hard problems, common approaches to tackle it are approximate algorithms, heuristic algorithms, and separation of efficiently solvable special cases. An overview of the approaches to the problem may be found in the 1992 book by Hwang, Richards and Winter, The Steiner Tree Problem. [3]
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Therefore, the k-minimum spanning tree must be formed by combining the optimal Steiner tree with enough of the zero-weight edges of the added trees to make the total tree size large enough. [ 2 ] Even for a graph whose edge weights belong to the set {1, 2, 3 }, testing whether the optimal solution value is less than a given threshold is NP ...
In computational complexity theory, Karp's 21 NP-complete problems are a set of computational problems which are NP-complete.In his 1972 paper, "Reducibility Among Combinatorial Problems", [1] Richard Karp used Stephen Cook's 1971 theorem that the boolean satisfiability problem is NP-complete [2] (also called the Cook-Levin theorem) to show that there is a polynomial time many-one reduction ...
Undirected hypergraphs are useful in modelling such things as satisfiability problems, [5] databases, [6] machine learning, [7] and Steiner tree problems. [8] They have been extensively used in machine learning tasks as the data model and classifier regularization (mathematics). [9]
Graph homomorphism; Graph labeling. Graceful labeling; Graph partition; Graph pebbling; Graph property; Graph reduction; Graph-structured stack; Graphical model. Bayesian network; D-separation; Markov random field; Tree decomposition (Junction tree) and treewidth; Graph triangulation (see also Chordal graph) Perfect order; Hidden Markov model ...
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related to: steiner tree problems graph paper template 8 5 x 11 pdf free printable