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Cellular respiration may be described as a set of metabolic reactions and processes that take place in the cells of organisms to convert chemical energy from nutrients into ATP, and then release waste products. [1] Cellular respiration is a vital process that occurs in the cells of all [[plants and some bacteria ]].
Aerobic organisms use atmospheric dioxygen as the terminal oxidant in cellular respiration in order to obtain chemical energy. The ground state of dioxygen is known as triplet oxygen, 3 [O 2], because it has two unpaired electrons. The first excited state, singlet oxygen, 1 [O 2], has no unpaired electrons and is metastable.
This reaction proceeds more rapidly with increasing temperature. Deflagration of ozone can be triggered by a spark and can occur in ozone concentrations of 10 wt% or higher. [35] Ozone can also be produced from oxygen at the anode of an electrochemical cell. This reaction can create smaller quantities of ozone for research purposes. [36]
Cellular waste products are formed as a by-product of cellular respiration, a series of processes and reactions that generate energy for the cell, in the form of ATP. One example of cellular respiration creating cellular waste products are aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration .
The reaction for aerobic respiration is essentially the reverse of photosynthesis and is simplified as C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6 O 2 → 6 CO 2 + 6 H 2 O + 2880 kJ/mol. In vertebrates, O 2 diffuses through membranes in the lungs and into red blood cells. Hemoglobin binds O 2, changing color from bluish red to bright red [43] (CO
Although physiologic respiration is necessary to sustain cellular respiration and thus life in animals, the processes are distinct: cellular respiration takes place in individual cells of the organism, while physiologic respiration concerns the diffusion and transport of metabolites between the organism and the external environment.
However, the cell does not release this energy all at once, as this would be an uncontrollable reaction. Instead, the electrons are removed from NADH and passed to oxygen through a series of enzymes that each release a small amount of the energy.
note that these three reactions are what forms the ozone molecule, and will occur the same way in the oxidation of CO or VOCs case. The net reaction in this case is then: CO + 2 O 2 → CO 2 + O 3. The amount of ozone produced through these reactions in ambient air can be estimated using a modified Leighton relationship.