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Medical disorders can be categorized into mental disorders, physical disorders, genetic disorders, emotional and behavioral disorders, and functional disorders. [13] The term disorder is often considered more value-neutral and less stigmatizing than the terms disease or illness , and therefore is preferred terminology in some circumstances. [ 14 ]
Some health insurance policies also define a medical condition as any illness, injury, or disease except for psychiatric illnesses. [3] As it is more value-neutral than terms like disease, the term medical condition is sometimes preferred by people with health issues that they do not consider deleterious. It is also preferred when etiology is ...
The definition and classification of mental disorders are key issues for researchers as well as service providers and those who may be diagnosed. For a mental state to be classified as a disorder, it generally needs to cause dysfunction. [15] Most international clinical documents use the term mental "disorder", while "illness" is also common.
Many diseases have an early prodromal stage where a few signs and symptoms may suggest the presence of a disorder before further specific symptoms may emerge. Measles for example has a prodromal presentation that includes a hacking cough, fever, and Koplik's spots in the mouth. [16] Over half of migraine episodes have a prodromal phase. [17]
Diseases and disorders CA Cancer: CACH Childhood ataxia with central nervous system hypomyelination (see vanishing white matter disease) CAD Coronary artery disease: CADASIL: Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy CAP Community acquired pneumonia: CAPA COVID-19–associated pulmonary ...
Common chronic diseases include diabetes, functional gastrointestinal disorder, eczema, arthritis, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, autoimmune diseases, genetic disorders and some viral diseases such as hepatitis C and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. An illness which is lifelong because it ends in death is a terminal illness ...
AIDS – a disease caused by a virus that cripples the body's immune defenses. Graves' disease – a thyroid disorder, most often in women, which can cause a goiter (swelling in the front part of the neck) and protruding eyes. Systemic lupus erythematosus – a connective tissue disorder involving mainly the skin, joints and kidneys.
Similarly, disorders are typically not acquired, or the result of environmental factors, such as lung disease. A disease or illness described as a physical disorder likely impacts the musculoskeletal system and lacks an inciting injury. Examples may include webbed toes, peau deficit disorder, arthritis, or ataxia, though the latter two may also ...