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D-Phenylalanine is distributed to the various tissues of the body via the systemic circulation. It appears to cross the blood–brain barrier less efficiently than L -phenylalanine, and so a small amount of an ingested dose of D -phenylalanine is excreted in the urine without penetrating the central nervous system.
A biochemical diagram showing the class of flavonoids and their source in nature through various inter-related plant species. Flavanoids can possess chiral carbons. Methods of analysis should take this element into account [ 2 ] especially regarding bioactivity or enzyme stereospecificity .
Protein deficiency has been shown to affect all of the body's organs and many of its systems, for example affecting brain development in infants and young children; inhibiting upkeep of the immune system, increasing risk of infection; affecting gut mucosal function and permeability, thereby reducing absorption and increasing vulnerability to ...
Analogously to phenylalanine hydroxylase and tyrosine hydroxylase, this enzyme uses (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin (BH 4) and dioxygen as cofactors. [ 2 ] In humans, the stimulation of serotonin production by administration of tryptophan has an antidepressant effect [ 3 ] [ 4 ] and inhibition of tryptophan hydroxylase (e.g. by p ...
Summary of amino acid catabolism. A glucogenic amino acid (or glucoplastic amino acid [1]) is an amino acid that can be converted into glucose through gluconeogenesis. [2] [3] This is in contrast to the ketogenic amino acids, which are converted into ketone bodies.
The following other wikis use this file: Usage on ar.wikipedia.org فينيل بروبانويد; Usage on arz.wikipedia.org فينيل ألانين
Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are L-phenylalanine and pyruvate, whereas its two products are phenylpyruvate and L-alanine. This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically the transaminases, which transfer nitrogenous groups. The systematic name of this enzyme class is L-phenylalanine:pyruvate aminotransferase.
An example of pleiotropy is phenylketonuria, an inherited disorder that affects the level of phenylalanine, an amino acid that can be obtained from food, in the human body. Phenylketonuria causes this amino acid to increase in amount in the body, which can be very dangerous.