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Special washable markers or chalk are used to mark the fabric as a guide to construction. [32] Pressing and ironing are an essential part of any sewing project, and require additional tools. A steam iron is used to press seams and garments, and a variety of pressing aids such as a seam roll or tailor's ham are used to aid in shaping a garment.
A special loose loop stitch used for this purpose is called a 'tack' or 'tailor's tack'. This is often done through two opposing layers of the same fabric so that when the threads are snipped between the layers the stitches will be in exactly the same places for both layers thus saving time having to chalk and tack the other layer.
In addition to patterns and templates, some master tailors and cutters use the rock of eye method of cutting: which is a freehand way of drafting a pattern by trusting your eye and experience rather than focusing on numbers. Instead of using pencil to draft the pattern, the rock of eye typically involves chalk to mark. [12] [10]: 7 [13]
Polishing chalk is chalk prepared with a carefully controlled grain size, for very fine polishing of metals. [28] French chalk (also known as tailor's chalk) is traditionally a hard chalk used to make temporary markings on cloth, mainly by tailors. It is now usually made of talc (magnesium silicate). [29]
The teeth can be either serrated or smooth. It is used to transfer markings from sewing patterns onto fabric with or without the use of tracing paper, [1] and can be used to make slotted perforations. Such markings might include pleats, darts, buttonholes, notches or placement lines for appliques or pockets.
The history of the crayon is not entirely clear. The French word crayon, originally meaning "chalk pencil", dates to around the 16th century, and is derived from the word craie (chalk), which comes from the Latin word creta (Earth). [3] [4] The meaning later changed to simply "pencil", which it still means in modern French. [4]
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