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Low levels of amniotic fluid due to mid-trimester or previable PPROM (before 24 weeks) can result in fetal deformity (e.g. Potter-like facies), limb contractures, pulmonary hypoplasia (underdeveloped lungs), [11] infection (especially if the mother is colonized by group B streptococcus or bacterial vaginosis), prolapsed umbilical cord or ...
This type of infection is usually acquired before the birth of the infant. Premature rupture of membranes and other obstetrical complications can add to the risk of early-onset sepsis. If the amniotic membrane has been ruptured greater than 18 hours before delivery the infant may be at more risk for this complication.
Specific situations that can contribute to birth injury include breech presentation and shoulder dystocia. Most fetal birth injuries resolve without long term harm, but brachial plexus injury may lead to Erb's palsy or Klumpke's paralysis. [160]
Retained placental tissue and infection may contribute to uterine atony. Uterine atony is the most common cause of postpartum hemorrhage. [13] Trauma: Injury to the birth canal which includes the uterus, cervix, vagina and the perineum which can happen even if the delivery is monitored properly. The bleeding is substantial as all these organs ...
denotes something as 'before' another (in [physical] position or time) Greek πρό-(pró-), before, in front of procephalic: proct-anus, rectum: Greek πρωκτός (prōktós), anus proctology: prosop-face: Greek πρόσωπον (prósōpon), face, visage, mask prosopagnosia: prot-denotes something as 'first' or 'most important'
The term "birth injury" may be used in two different ways: the ICD-10 uses "birth injury" and "birth trauma" interchangeably to refer to mechanical injuries sustained during delivery; the legal community uses "birth injury" to refer to any damage or injury sustained during pregnancy, during delivery, or just after delivery, including injuries ...
Due to the use of either forceps or vacuum in operative vaginal deliveries, there has been an increase in maternal infection and in some cases, readmission after delivery due to the infection. The effectiveness of antibiotic prophylaxis was studied in both the use of either forceps or vacuum in operative delivery to reduce the risk of infection ...
Long-term complications for the mother include obstetrical fistula. [2] Obstructed labour is said to result in prolonged labour, when the active phase of labour is longer than 12 hours. [2] The main causes of obstructed labour include a large or abnormally positioned baby, a small pelvis, and problems with the birth canal. [2]