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In quantum computing, a qubit (/ ˈ k juː b ɪ t /) or quantum bit is a basic unit of quantum information—the quantum version of the classic binary bit physically realized with a two-state device. A qubit is a two-state (or two-level) quantum-mechanical system , one of the simplest quantum systems displaying the peculiarity of quantum mechanics.
A logical qubit specifies how a single qubit should behave in a quantum algorithm, subject to quantum logic operations which can be built out of quantum logic gates. However, issues in current technologies preclude single two-state quantum systems , which can be used as physical qubits, from reliably encoding and retaining this information for ...
Molecule of alanine used in NMR implementation of quantum computing. Qubits are implemented by spin states of the black carbon atoms. Nuclear magnetic resonance quantum computing (NMRQC) [1] is one of the several proposed approaches for constructing a quantum computer, that uses the spin states of nuclei within molecules as qubits.
Global single qubit gates on all the atoms can be done either by applying a microwave field for qubits encoded in the Hyperfine manifold such as Rb and Cs or by applying an RF magnetic field for qubits encoded in the nuclear spin such as Yb and Sr. Focused laser beams can be used to do single-site one qubit rotation using a lambda-type three level Raman scheme (see figure).
An n-qubit (reversible) quantum gate is a unitary mapping U from the space H QB(n) of n-qubit registers onto itself. Typically, we are only interested in gates for small values of n . A reversible n -bit classical logic gate gives rise to a reversible n -bit quantum gate as follows: to each reversible n -bit logic gate f corresponds a quantum ...
Quantum decoherence can occur when one qubit from a maximally entangled bell state is transmitted across a quantum network. Entanglement purification allows for the creation of nearly maximally entangled qubits from a large number of arbitrary weakly entangled qubits, and thus provides additional protection against errors.
Download QR code; Print/export ... Examples: The quantum state vector of a 5-qubit register is a unit vector in =. ...
Example: The qubit is measured, and the result of this measurement is a Boolean value, which is consumed by the classical computer. If ϕ {\displaystyle \phi } measures to 1, then the classical computer tells the quantum computer to apply the U gate on ψ {\displaystyle \psi } .
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