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Broca's area, or the Broca area (/ ˈ b r oʊ k ə /, [1] [2] [3] also UK: / ˈ b r ɒ k ə /, US: / ˈ b r oʊ k ɑː / [4]), is a region in the frontal lobe of the dominant hemisphere, usually the left, of the brain [5] with functions linked to speech production. Language processing has been linked to Broca's area since Pierre Paul Broca ...
Lesions to Broca's Area result primarily in disruptions to speech production. Damage to Wernicke's area, located in the lower part of the temporal lobe, mainly leads to speech reception disruptions. This area was named for German doctor Carl Wernicke, who discovered it in 1874 in the course of his research into aphasias (loss of ability to speak).
Broca's area is located in the left hemisphere prefrontal cortex above the cingulate gyrus in the third frontal convolution. [16] Broca's area was discovered by Paul Broca in 1865. This area handles speech production. Damage to this area would result in Broca aphasia which causes the patient to become unable to formulate coherent appropriate ...
Paul Broca was born on 28 June 1824 in Sainte-Foy-la-Grande, Bordeaux, France, the son of Jean Pierre "Benjamin" Broca, a medical practitioner and former surgeon in Napoleon's service, and Annette Thomas, well-educated daughter of a Calvinist, Reformed Protestant, preacher.
In 1861, Paul Broca studied patients with the ability to understand spoken languages but the inability to produce them. The damaged area was named Broca's area, and located in the left hemisphere’s inferior frontal gyrus (Brodmann areas 44, 45). Soon after, in 1874, Carl Wernicke studied patients with the reverse deficits: patients could ...
Broca's area has been found to have differing grey matter structures depending on handedness. The inferior frontal sulcus, which contains Broca's area, was found to be more continuous in the hemisphere ipsilateral to the dominant hand [ 5 ]
Area 39 – Angular gyrus, considered by some to be part of Wernicke's area; Area 40 – Supramarginal gyrus considered by some to be part of Wernicke's area; Areas 41 and 42 – Auditory cortex; Area 43 – Primary gustatory cortex; Areas 44 and 45 – Broca's area, includes the opercular part and triangular part of the inferior frontal gyrus
Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), representations of L1 and L2 have been found in spatially isolated parts of the left inferior frontal cortex of late learners (Broca's area). For early learners, similar parts of Broca's area are activated for both language—whereas later learners have shown to use different parts of Broca's ...