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God intended to harden Pharaoh's heart, so that God might show signs and marvels, so that the Egyptians would know that the Lord was God. [15] Moses and Aaron did as God commanded. [16] Moses was 80 years old, and Aaron 83 years old, when they spoke to Pharaoh. [17] The third reading and the fourth open portion end here. [18]
So Pharaoh's heart was made like a liver, and he did not receive the words of God. [79] Similarly, Rabbi Phinehas, the priest, son of Rabbi Hama, interpreted God's hardening of Pharaoh's heart in light of Job 36:13, "But they who are godless in heart lay up anger; they cry not for help when He binds them." Rabbi Phinehas taught that if the ...
The Finger of God is a phrase used in the Pentateuch or the Five Books of Moses, specifically in the Book of Exodus, to describe an expression of God's power and authority. In Exodus 8:19, Pharaoah's magicians acknowledge the plagues as the finger of God, referring to the harsh natural phenomena that God has brought upon Egypt.
Similarly, the Pirke De-Rabbi Eliezer counted as the 10 trials (1) when Abraham was a child and all the magnates of the kingdom and the magicians sought to kill him, (2) when he was put into prison for ten years and cast into the furnace of fire, (3) his migration from his father's house and from the land of his birth, (4) the famine, (5) when ...
Boat passages to the underworld were strictly reserved for pharaohs who had died. The Egyptian sun god, Ra, was believed to travel to the underworld by boat as the sun set. As a way to mimic Ra's daily expedition, the ancient people of Egypt would construct model boats, ranging in many sizes in which they would bury alongside their pharaohs.
Moses returned to carry out God's command, but God caused the Pharaoh to refuse, and only after God had subjected Egypt to ten plagues did the Pharaoh relent. Moses led the Israelites to the border of Egypt, but there God hardened the Pharaoh's heart once more, so that he could destroy the Pharaoh and his army at the Red Sea Crossing as a sign ...
Pharaoh's Army Engulfed by the Red Sea (1900 painting by Frederick Arthur Bridgman). Beshalach, Beshallach, or Beshalah (בְּשַׁלַּח —Hebrew for "when [he] let go" (literally: "in (having) sent"), the second word and first distinctive word in the parashah) is the sixteenth weekly Torah portion (פָּרָשָׁה , parashah) in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the ...
Moses Pleading with Israel (illustration from a Bible card published 1907 by the Providence Lithograph Company) Va'etchanan (וָאֶתְחַנַּן —Hebrew for "and I will plead," the first word in the parashah) is the 45th weekly Torah portion (פָּרָשָׁה , parashah) in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the second in the Book of Deuteronomy.