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1. Cytotoxic antineoplastics: 1.01 Nucleoside analogues: Azacitidine: SC, IV: DNA methyltransferase inhibitor and incorporates itself into RNA, hence inhibiting gene expression. [6] Myelodysplastic syndromes, acute myeloid leukaemia and chronic myeloid leukaemia: Myelosuppression, kidney failure (uncommon/rare), renal tubular acidosis and ...
Bone marrow suppression is a serious side effect of chemotherapy and certain drugs affecting the immune system such as azathioprine. [2] The risk is especially high in cytotoxic chemotherapy for leukemia. In the case of non-small-cell lung cancer, myelosuppression predisposition was shown to be modulated by enhancer mutations. [3]
The main side effects of vincristine are chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy, hyponatremia, constipation, and hair loss. Vincristine-induced neuropathy is the main dose-limiting side effect. [9] Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy can be severe, and may be a reason to reduce or avoid using vincristine.
In 1983, Coates et al. found that people receiving chemotherapy ranked nausea and vomiting as the first and second most severe side-effects, respectively. [98] Up to 20% of people receiving highly emetogenic agents in this era postponed, or even refused potentially curative treatments. [ 99 ]
Addition of platinum-based chemotherapy drugs to chemoradiation in women with early cervical cancer seems to improve survival and reduce risk of recurrence. [2] In total, these drugs can cause a combination of more than 40 specific side effects which include neurotoxicity, which is manifested by peripheral neuropathies including polyneuropathy. [3]
Vinorelbine has a number of side-effects that can limit its use: Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (a progressive, enduring and often irreversible tingling numbness, intense pain, and hypersensitivity to cold, beginning in the hands and feet and sometimes involving the arms and legs [11]), lowered resistance to infection, bruising or bleeding, anaemia, constipation, vomitings ...
HDC aims to maximize the cytotoxic effects on cancer cells, but it also causes severe damage to the bone marrow, leading to a depletion of blood cell populations. The intensified chemotherapy targets the tumor cells more effectively, while the patient's normal bone marrow function is temporarily suppressed.
Cyclophosphamide (CP), also known as cytophosphane among other names, [3] is a medication used as chemotherapy and to suppress the immune system. [4] As chemotherapy it is used to treat lymphoma, multiple myeloma, leukemia, ovarian cancer, breast cancer, small cell lung cancer, neuroblastoma, and sarcoma. [4]
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