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Optic nerve sheath meningiomas (ONSM) are rare benign tumors of the optic nerve. 60–70% of cases occur in middle age females, and is more common in older adults (mean age 44.7 years). It is also seen in children, but this is rare. The tumors grow from cells that surround the optic nerve, and as the tumor grows, it compresses the optic nerve.
Optic nerve melanocytoma does not usually produce symptoms or grow. If they slowly grow, optic nerve melanocytoma can produce afferent pupillary defects (30%), subretinal fluid (10%), and an enlarged blind spot (75%). On fundoscopic exam, the optic disc may be swollen, atrophic, or even normal. [1] Central retinal vein occlusion may occur.
The tumor adopts a fusiform appearance, appearing wider in the middle and tapered at the ends. [5] Enlargement of the optic nerve along with a downward kink in the mid-orbit is usually observed. [5] While CT scans allow for optic nerve evaluation, MRI allows for intracranial evaluation to observe if the tumor has extended to other regions such ...
Other uncommon locations are the lateral ventricle, foramen magnum, and the orbit/optic nerve sheath. [7] Meningiomas also may occur as a spinal tumor, more often in women than in men. This occurs more often in Western countries than Asian. [citation needed] Micrograph of a psammoma body in the centre of the field in a meningioma of brain. H&E ...
Tumors growing in the inner wing most often cause direct damage to the optic nerve leading especially to a decrease in visual acuity, progressive loss of color vision, defects in the field of vision (especially cecocentral), and an afferent pupillary defect. If the tumor continues to grow and push on the optic nerve, all vision will be lost in ...
Astrocytomas: astrocytes (glioblastoma multiforme is a malignant astrocytoma and the most common primary brain tumor among adults). Oligodendrogliomas: oligodendrocytes; Brainstem glioma: develop in the brain stem; Optic nerve glioma: develop in or around the optic nerve; Chordoid glioma, a rare low-grade tumor of the third ventricle [54]
NAION is believed to be caused by reduced blood flow to the optic nerve head. It can lead to permanent visual loss in one eye that may develop painlessly and suddenly or over several days before ...
Peripheral nerve tumors [5] [2] Tumor type Malignancy Estimated incidence Location Schwannoma Benign 1.09 per 100,000/year Skin and subcutaneous tissues of the head and neck, or along the flexor surfaces of the extremities; Spinal intradural extramedullary site with growth into foraminal space; Eight cranial nerve (bilateral involvement in NF2)