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Beta thalassemia is most prevalent in the "thalassemia belt" which includes areas in Sub-Saharan Africa, the Mediterranean extending into the Middle East and Southeast Asia. [8] This geographical distribution is thought to be due to beta-thalassemia carrier state (beta thalassemia minor) conferring a resistance to malaria. [8]
β thalassemia minor is caused by a β/β o or β/β + genotype. Only one of the two β globin alleles contains a mutation, so β chain production is not terribly compromised and patients may be relatively asymptomatic. Beta thalassemia most often occurs in people of Mediterranean origin.
Hemoglobin E/ beta thalassemia: common in Cambodia, Thailand, and parts of India, it is clinically similar to β thalassemia major or β thalassemia intermedia. [25] Hemoglobin S/ beta thalassemia: common in African and Mediterranean populations, it is clinically similar to sickle-cell anemia. [26] Delta-beta thalassemia is a rare form of ...
Beta thalassemia minor results in a mild microcytic anemia that is often asymptomatic or may cause fatigue and or pale skin. Beta thalassemia major occurs when a person inherits two abnormal alleles. This can be either two β+ alleles, two β0 alleles, or one of each. Beta thalassemia major is a severe medical condition.
The Mentzer index, described in 1973 by William C. Mentzer, [1] is the MCV divided by the RBC count. It is said to be helpful in differentiating iron deficiency anemia from beta thalassemia trait.
Normal levels range from 2.1-3.2%, but in the beta-thalassemia disorder, the levels increase to 3.5-6.0%. Additionally, individuals with beta-thalassemia exhibit a high red cell count and low hemoglobin levels. [3] Individuals that express lower levels of hemoglobin A2, have the a 0-thalassemia trait or homozygous gene for a +-thalassemia. [2]
Thalassemia [3] (β-thalassemia Minor (i.e. Trait) & Major, and α-thalassemia, only when 3 gene loci defective: (--/-α)) Severe megaloblastic anemia; Hemolytic anemia; Sickle-cell anemia; Pyrimidine 5' nucleotidase deficiency [4] Alcoholism [5] Myelodysplastic syndromes; Sideroblastic anemia [6] Congenital dyserythropoietic anemia [7] Primary ...
Anisopoikilocytosis is a medical condition illustrated by a variance in size (anisocytosis) and shape (poikilocytosis) of a red blood cell.The underlying cause can be attributed to various anemias, most often; beta thalassemia major, a form of microcytic anemia. [1]