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Ahmad Shah Durrani (also known as Ahmad Shah Abdali), the founder of the Durrani Empire, invaded Indian subcontinent a total of eight times between 1748 and 1767, following the collapse of Mughal Empire in the mid-18th century. His objectives were met through the raids (taking the wealth and destroying sacred places belonging to the Indians ...
A map of the Afsharid Empire at its greatest extent, in 1741–1745. The campaigns of Nader Shah (Persian: لشکرکشیهای نادرشاه), or the Naderian Wars (Persian: جنگهای نادری), were a series of conflicts fought in the early to mid-eighteenth century throughout Central Eurasia primarily by the Iranian conqueror Nader Shah.
Nader Shah's victory against the crumbling Mughal Empire in the East meant that he could afford to turn to the West and face the Ottomans. The Ottoman Sultan Mahmud I initiated the Ottoman–Persian War (1743–1746) , in which Muhammad Shah closely cooperated with the Ottomans until his death in 1748. [ 23 ]
Ahmad Shah ordered that his reign be documented so that it could be used as a model for governing rulers in the future. [2] Ahmad gave the order for Muhammad Taqi Khan Shirazi, a former Afsharid official, to send a scribe with the skill to match Nadir Shah's chronicler Mirza Mahdi Astarabadi, especially his most important work, the Tarikh-i Nadiri. [2]
Ahmad Shah first settled the dispute of leadership, asserting himself as the leader of Durrani tribesmen by forcing the former leader to step down. Ahmad Shah also killed 'Abd al-Ghani Khan, his uncle and the governor of Kandahar to secure complete power over the Durrani regiments. With the dispute over leadership concluded, Ahmad Shah's forces ...
Abdali started the battle by successfully besieging Mannu in the Lahore Fort. Though Mannu wrote to the Mughal emperor Ahmad Shah Bahadur for help, he received no reinforcements from Delhi. Failing to put up a fight, he surrendered to Abdali on 6 March 1752. After signing the instrument of surrender, Abdali's forces looted and plundered the ...
The Durrani Empire, [b] colloquially known as the Afghan Empire, [c] [9] or the Sadozai Kingdom, [d] [10] was an Afghan empire founded by the Durrani tribe of Pashtuns under Ahmad Shah Durrani in 1747, which spanned parts of Central Asia, the Iranian plateau, and the Indian subcontinent.
The Sikhs lay wreck on the Lahore region and Jalandhar Doab during July and August of the same year (1762), Ahmad Shah Abdali was powerless to stop them. [8] The Sikh warriors did not forget the local residents of the villages of Kup, Rahira, Kutba, and Bahmania turning away and even slaughtering pleading Sikhs seeking shelter with them. [32]