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The ABE fermentation via Clostridium beijerinckii or Clostridium acetobutylicum for instance is characterized by product inhibition. This means that there is a product concentration threshold that cannot be overcome, resulting in a product stream highly diluted in water. [11] Phase equilibrium diagram for 1-butanol–ethanol–water ternary mixture
Acetone, butanol, and ethanol are the most common products of solventogenesis. Some species such as Clostridium beijerinckii, Clostridium puniceum and Clostridium roseum are able to further reduce acetone to isopropanol. Several species are able to produce additional solvents under various culture conditions.
Some species within the genus Clostridium are capable of producing biochemicals and biofuels. This fermentation process is able to produce acetone, butanol, and ethanol and is one of the first commercial fermentation processes used for bulk chemical production. This species has also been used in therapy, research, and even cosmetics (such as ...
Clostridium acetobutylicum, ATCC 824, is a commercially valuable bacterium sometimes called the "Weizmann Organism", after Jewish Russian-born biochemist Chaim Weizmann. A senior lecturer at the University of Manchester , England , he used them in 1916 as a bio-chemical tool to produce at the same time, jointly, acetone , ethanol , and n ...
Clostridium perfringens (gangrene, food poisoning) Clostridioides difficile (pseudomembranous colitis) Clostridium tetani ; Clostridium botulinum ; Clostridium acetobutylicum (acetone–butanol–ethanol fermentation, or ABE process) Clostridium haemolyticum; Clostridium novyi (gas gangrene, infectious necrotic hepatitis)
Butyryl-CoA is an intermediate of the fermentation pathway found in Clostridium kluyveri. [18] [19] [20] This species can ferment acetyl-CoA and succinate into butanoate, extracting energy through the process. [19] [20] The fermentation pathway from ethanol to acetyl-CoA to butanoate is also known as ABE fermentation.
Clostridium saccharobutylicum is an indole and notably acetone, butanol and ethanol-producing bacterium, with type strain DSM 13864 T (= ATCC BAA-117 T). [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Its genome has been sequenced. [ 3 ]
n-Butanol can be produced by fermentation of biomass by the A.B.E. process using Clostridium acetobutylicum, Clostridium beijerinckii. C. acetobutylicum was once used for the production of acetone from starch. The butanol was a by-product of fermentation (twice as much butanol was produced).