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The ability of the immune system to recognize molecules that are broadly shared by pathogens is, in part, due to the presence of immune receptors called toll-like receptors (TLRs) that are expressed on the membranes of leukocytes including dendritic cells, macrophages, natural killer cells, cells of the adaptive immunity T cells, and B cells, and non-immune cells (epithelial and endothelial ...
The first function described for TLR4 was the recognition of exogenous molecules from pathogens (PAMPs), in particular LPS molecules from gram-negative bacteria. [13] As pattern recognition receptor, TLR4 plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity which is the first line of defense against invading micro-organisms.
Toll-like receptor 2 also known as TLR2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TLR2 gene. [5] TLR2 has also been designated as CD282 ( cluster of differentiation 282). TLR2 is one of the toll-like receptors and plays a role in the immune system .
Toll-like receptor 9 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TLR9 gene. [5] TLR9 has also been designated as CD289 ( cluster of differentiation 289). It is a member of the toll-like receptor (TLR) family.
Toll-like receptor 8; Toll-like receptor 9; Toll-like receptor 10; A. Agatolimod; T. Toll-like receptor 11 This page was last edited on 28 July 2018, at 19:17 ...
Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) also known as CD283 (cluster of differentiation 283) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TLR3 gene. [5] TLR3 is a member of the toll-like receptor family of pattern recognition receptors of the innate immune system .
Toll-like receptor 1 (TLR1) is a member of Toll-like receptors (TLRs), which is a family of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that form the cornerstone of the innate immune system. [5] [6] [7] TLR1 recognizes bacterial lipoproteins and glycolipids in complex with TLR2. TLR1 is a cell surface receptor. [5]
Toll-like receptor 7, also known as TLR7, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TLR7 gene. Orthologs are found in mammals and birds. [ 5 ] It is a member of the toll-like receptor (TLR) family and detects single stranded RNA.
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