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The gauge (in American English or more commonly referred to as bore in British English) of a firearm is a unit of measurement used to express the inner diameter (bore diameter) and other necessary parameter to define in general a smoothbore barrel (in difference of caliber what define a barrel with rifling and their cartridge).
Shotgun conversion sleeves may be called subgauge inserts, subgauge tubes, or gauge reducers. Sleeves intended for rifle or handgun cartridges may have rifled barrels. Additional variations may allow centerfire weapons to fire rimfire ammunition and/or retain autoloading function with the smaller cartridge.
32 gauge — .526 in (13.4 mm) 28 gauge — .550 in (14.0 mm) 24 gauge — .579 in (14.7 mm) 20 gauge — .615 in (15.6 mm) 16 gauge — .663 in (16.8 mm) 14 gauge — .693 in (17.6 mm) 12 gauge — .729 in (18.5 mm) 10 bore — .775 in (19.7 mm) 8 bore — .835 in (21.2 mm) 6 bore — .919 in (23.3 mm) 4 bore — 1.052 in (26.7 mm)
A pump-action rifle is a rifle where the forend can be moved forward and backward in order to eject a spent round of ammunition and to chamber a new one. Pump-action mechanisms are often regarded as faster than a bolt action and somewhat faster than a lever action, as it does not require the trigger hand to be removed from the trigger while reloading.
The effective length of the barrel (from breech to muzzle) is divided by the barrel diameter to give a dimensionless quantity. [2]: 81 For example, the main guns of the Iowa-class battleships can be referred to as 16"/50 caliber. They are 16 inches in diameter and the barrel is 800 inches long (16 × 50 = 800).
The sabot component in projectile design is the relatively thin, tough and deformable seal known as a driving band or obturation ring needed to trap propellant gases behind a projectile, and also keep the projectile centered in the barrel, when the outer shell of the projectile is only slightly smaller in diameter than the caliber of the barrel ...
A third gauge, the "Field" gauge (slightly longer than "no-go"), is used in the field to indicate the absolute maximum safe headspace. This gauge is used because, over time, the bolt and receiver will wear, the bolt and lugs compress, and the receiver may stretch, all causing the headspace to gradually increase from the factory specifications ...
When firing a 9.7 g (150 gr) AccuBond Long Range bullet from a rifle with a 660 mm (26 in) barrel, the .27 Nosler has an approximately 120 m/s (400 ft/s) advantage over the .270 Winchester, about a 90 m/s (300 ft/s) advantage over the .270 WSM, and about a 30–46 m/s (100–150 ft/s) velocity advantage over the .270 Weatherby. The primary use ...