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Before World War II, the events of 1914–1918 were generally known as the Great War or simply the World War. [1] In August 1914, the magazine The Independent wrote "This is the Great War. It names itself". [2] In October 1914, the Canadian magazine Maclean's similarly wrote, "Some wars name themselves. This is the Great War."
Garrison's plan unleashed the fiercest battle in peacetime history over the relationship of military planning to national goals. [101] In peacetime, War Department arsenals and Navy yards manufactured nearly all munitions that lacked civilian uses, including warships, artillery, naval guns, and shells.
This bid arose from deep roots within Germany's economic, political, and social structures. Once the war broke out, world power became Germany's essential goal. [111] However, Schroeder argues that all of that was not the main cause of the war in 1914. Indeed, the search for a single main cause is not a helpful approach to history.
From 5 to 16 August 1914, the Belgians successfully resisted the numerically superior Germans, and inflicted surprisingly heavy losses on their aggressors. The German Second Army , comprising 320,000 men, crossed into neutral Belgium in keeping to the Schlieffen Plan , with the ultimate goal of attacking France from the north.
The crisis escalated as the conflict between Austria-Hungary and Serbia was joined by their allies Russia, Germany, France, and ultimately Belgium and the United Kingdom. Other factors that came into play during the diplomatic crisis leading up to the war included misperceptions of intent (such as the German belief that Britain would remain ...
Theobald von Bethmann Hollweg. In 1916, Germany's domestic situation was becoming increasingly worrying due to supply difficulties caused by labor shortages. [3]Faced with the indecision of the White House, Imperial German Chancellor Theobald von Bethmann Hollweg decided to make his own peace proposal, seeing it as the last chance for a just peace, as the outcome of the war was, in his view ...
The Army and Navy each had their nationwide network of supporters, with a million members in the German Navy League, founded in 1898, [13] and 20,000 in the German Army League, founded in 1912. [14] The most articulate and aggressive civilian organization was the " Pan-German League ". [ 15 ]
He made a major blunder by refusing to bring along any prominent Republicans to Paris, which politicised the American debate and weakened his support. His main goal was a long-term solution to end warfare based on the League of Nations and self-determination of nations. He paid special attention to creating new nations out of defunct empires ...