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ISAAC (indirection, shift, accumulate, add, and count) is a cryptographically secure pseudorandom number generator and a stream cipher designed by Robert J. Jenkins Jr. in 1993. [1] The reference implementation source code was dedicated to the public domain. [2] "I developed (...) tests to break a generator, and I developed the generator to ...
The cipher illustrated here uses a left shift of 3, so that (for example) each occurrence of E in the plaintext becomes B in the ciphertext. In cryptography, a Caesar cipher, also known as Caesar's cipher, the shift cipher, Caesar's code, or Caesar shift, is one of the simplest and most widely known encryption techniques.
Trivium is a synchronous stream cipher designed to provide a flexible trade-off between speed and gate count in hardware, and reasonably efficient software implementation. Trivium was submitted to the Profile II (hardware) of the eSTREAM competition by its authors, Christophe De Cannière and Bart Preneel , and has been selected as part of the ...
The table below shows the support of various stream ciphers. Stream ciphers are defined as using plain text digits that are combined with a pseudorandom cipher digit stream. Stream ciphers are typically faster than block ciphers and may have lower hardware complexity, but may be more susceptible to attacks.
ZUC is a stream cipher included in the Long Term Evolution standards used in 3GPP specifications for confidentiality and integrity . [1] [2] It is named after Zu Chongzhi, the fifth-century Chinese mathematician. [3]
The MixColumns operation performed by the Rijndael cipher or Advanced Encryption Standard is, along with the ShiftRows step, its primary source of diffusion.. Each column of bytes is treated as a four-term polynomial () = + + +, each byte representing an element in the Galois field ().
Simon has been criticized for having too small a security margin, i.e. too few rounds between the best attacks and the full cipher, in comparison to more conservative ciphers such as ChaCha20. [14] Ciphers with small security margins are more likely to be broken by future advances in cryptanalysis. Simon's design team counters that there is a ...
Salsa20 and the closely related ChaCha are stream ciphers developed by Daniel J. Bernstein.Salsa20, the original cipher, was designed in 2005, then later submitted to the eSTREAM European Union cryptographic validation process by Bernstein.