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  2. Ignition timing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ignition_timing

    Pressure in cylinder pattern in dependence on ignition timing: (a) - misfire, (b) too soon, (c) optimal, (d) too late. In a spark ignition internal combustion engine, ignition timing is the timing, relative to the current piston position and crankshaft angle, of the release of a spark in the combustion chamber near the end of the compression stroke.

  3. Antilag system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antilag_system

    The anti-lag system (ALS) is a method of reducing turbo lag or effective compression used on turbocharged engines to minimize turbo lag on racing or performance cars. It works by retarding the ignition timing and adding extra fuel (and sometimes air) to balance an inherent loss in combustion efficiency with increased pressure at the charging side of the turbo.

  4. Throttle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Throttle

    In fuel injected engines, the throttle body is the part of the air intake system that controls the amount of air flowing into the engine, in response to driver accelerator pedal input in the main. The throttle body is usually located between the air filter box and the intake manifold, and it is usually attached to, or near, the mass airflow sensor.

  5. Idle air control actuator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idle_air_control_actuator

    Although the IAC is supposed to last the vehicle's lifetime, various reasons may cause it to fail/malfunction prematurely. The most common failure mode is partial/complete jamming of the actuator (due to dirt/dust or even oil) where it cannot be smoothly controlled. The result is an engine that fails to maintain idle RPM and frequently stalls.

  6. Throttle response - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Throttle_response

    The advent of concern about fuel economy and emissions had major impacts on engine design. Some of the trade-offs reduced throttle response. Most new cars employ a drive-by-wire system, which includes electronic throttle control and can itself either reduce or increase throttle response (Depending on whether or not it's being employed on a performance car).

  7. Lean-burn - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lean-burn

    Ordinarily, the power is cut by partially closing a throttle. However, the extra work done in pulling air through the throttle reduces efficiency. If the fuel/air ratio is reduced, then lower power can be achieved with the throttle closer to fully open, and the efficiency during normal driving (below the maximum torque capability of the engine ...

  8. Engine tuning - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Engine_tuning

    Vintage engine testing equipment that can test ignition timing, ignition dwell, manifold vacuum and exhaust emissions. Engine tuning is the adjustment or modification of the internal combustion engine or Engine Control Unit (ECU) to yield optimal performance and increase the engine's power output, economy, or durability.

  9. Pre-ignition - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pre-ignition

    Auto-ignition of engine oil droplets (Can be solved by using an oil catch tank) [3] Insufficient oil in the engine; Ignition timing too far advanced; Too much air/too little fuel (octane) to withstand pressures (too much air causes too much pressure for the octane to handle, too little fuel reduces the octane to handle the pressurized air) [5]