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In mycology a tissue or feature is said to be amyloid if it has a positive amyloid reaction when subjected to a crude chemical test using iodine as an ingredient of either Melzer's reagent or Lugol's solution, producing a blue to blue-black staining. The term "amyloid" is derived from the Latin amyloideus ("starch-like"). [1]
A positive reaction of Schaeffer's test, which uses the reaction of aniline and nitric acid on the surface of the mushroom, is indicated by an orange to red color; it is characteristic of species in the section Flavescentes. The compounds responsible for the reaction were named schaefferal A and B to honor Schäffer. [3]
Melzer's is used by exposing fungal tissue or cells to the reagent, typically in a microscope slide preparation, and looking for any of three color reactions: Amyloid or Melzer's-positive reaction, in which the material reacts blue to black. Pseudoamyloid or dextrinoid reaction, in which the material reacts brown to reddish brown.
Spores are amyloid, meaning that they will absorb iodine and become bluish-black when stained with Melzer's reagent, [30] but this staining reaction has been described as "relatively weak". [1] The basidia (the spore-bearing cells) are 15–20 by 2.5–3.5 μm, club-shaped, and clamped at the base. [15]
A drop of Melzer's reagent applied to the stem tissue reveals a weak amyloid staining reaction that often requires more than 30 minutes to develop. This reaction can be used to help distinguish R. botrytis from other similar fungi. [7] Spores are produced by basidia on the outer surface of the branches. Viewed in deposit, the spores are pale ...
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Under Florida guidelines, a private juvenile prison that fails this test comes up for review again within six months. A subsequent failure can result in contract termination. Yet these reviews often fail to probe conditions inside facilities, merely assessing whether required policies are in place, not necessarily whether they are followed.