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Triclads reproduce sexually and asexually, and different species may be able to reproduce by one or both modes. [5] Planarians are hermaphrodites. In sexual reproduction, the mating generally involves mutual insemination. Thus, one of their gametes will combine with the gamete of another planarian.
Fragmentation is seen in many organisms. Animals that reproduce asexually include planarians, many annelid worms including polychaetes [17] and some oligochaetes, [17] turbellarians and sea stars. Many fungi and plants reproduce asexually. Some plants have specialized structures for reproduction via fragmentation, such as gemmae in mosses and ...
Some planarians (such as the genera Planaria, Artioposthia, Arthurdendyus, Coleocephalus and Newzealandia) have a series of finger-like projections, called adenodactyls, near the male and female atria. Adenodactyls contain glands and produce several secretions believed to be useful during reproduction. [7]
In a related context, some animals are able to reproduce asexually through fragmentation, budding, or fission. [9] A planarian parent, for example, will constrict, split in the middle, and each half generates a new end to form two clones of the original. [14]
Fragmentation is a very common type of vegetative reproduction in plants. Many trees, shrubs, nonwoody perennials, and ferns form clonal colonies by producing new rooted shoots by rhizomes or stolons, which increases the diameter of the colony. If a rooted shoot becomes detached from the colony, then fragmentation has occurred. There are ...
Planaria is a genus of planarians in the family Planariidae. Due to its excellent ability to regenerate, species of Planaria has also been used as model organisms in regeneration studies. [ 1 ] When an individual is cut into pieces, each piece has the ability to regenerate into a fully formed individual. [ 2 ]
Bipalium kewense, also known as the shovel-headed garden worm, is a species of large predatory land planarian with a cosmopolitan distribution. [1] [2] It is sometimes referred to as a "hammerhead flatworm" due to its half-moon-shaped head, but this name is also used to refer to other species in the subfamily Bipaliinae.
Obligate parthenogenesis is the process in which organisms exclusively reproduce through asexual means. [39] Many species have transitioned to obligate parthenogenesis over evolutionary time. Well documented transitions to obligate parthenogenesis have been found in numerous metazoan taxa, albeit through highly diverse mechanisms.