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During the Second Anglo-Boer War (1899–1902), the British operated concentration camps in the South African Republic, Orange Free State, Natal, and the Cape Colony. In February 1900, Herbert Kitchener took command of the British forces and implemented some controversial tactics that contributed to a British victory. [3]
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During the Second Boer War, the British government established prisoner-of-war camps (to hold captured Boer belligerents or fighters) and concentration camps (to hold Boer civilians). In total, six prisoner-of-war camps were erected in South Africa and around 31 in overseas British colonies to hold Boer prisoners of war. [7]
Boer women and children in a Second Boer War concentration camp in South Africa (1899–1902). A concentration camp is a prison or other facility used for the internment of political prisoners or politically targeted demographics, such as members of national or minority ethnic groups, on the grounds of state security, or for exploitation or punishment. [1]
Built in 1767–1771, it has served a variety of civic institutional functions, including notably as a prisoner of war facility operated by British forces during the American Revolutionary War. The building was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1973. [2] It is now a museum operated by the Daughters of the American Revolution.
American volunteers were present on both sides, abelit with more fighting for the British rather than for the Boers. [2] Coverage of the war tended to take vary, with some publications siding with the Boers, such as the Omaha World-Herald. [3] Others, such as the New York Times, sided with the British cause.
' Second Freedom War ', 11 October 1899 – 31 May 1902), also known as the Boer War, Transvaal War, [8] Anglo–Boer War, or South African War, was a conflict fought between the British Empire and the two Boer republics (the South African Republic and Orange Free State) over the Empire's influence in Southern Africa.
The original prison was built to house white male prisoners in 1892. The Old Fort was built around this prison by Paul Kruger from 1896 to 1899 to protect the South African Republic from the threat of British invasion. Later, Boer military leaders of the Anglo-Boer War were imprisoned here by the British. [1]