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In the last 15 years, transcatheter valve replacement has emerged as a different way to implant tissue valves, used almost exclusively for aortic valve stenosis. This procedure, called transcatheter aortic valve replacement or TAVR, avoids the need for a sternotomy and often has a much shorter hospital stay.
The use of bioprosthetic aortic valve replacement has increased significantly during the past decade. Among its advantages is that most patients can avoid warfarin for anticoagulation treatment. Even so, research has been conflicting on whether patients would benefit from more aggressive early postoperative anticoagulation treatment.
During the procedure, a surgeon removes the narrowed aortic valve and replaces it with a mechanical valve or a tissue valve. Valve replacement generally is performed during open-heart surgery. But, a less invasive approach, called transcatheter aortic valve replacement, or TAVR, is another option. In TAVR, doctors insert a catheter into an ...
The procedure can treat aortic valve stenosis in infants and children. However, the valve tends to narrow again in adults who've had the procedure so it's usually performed only in adults who are too ill for surgery or who are waiting for a valve replacement. This procedure can also be performed to treat narrowed tricuspid or pulmonary valves.
Blood flows through the aortic valve to exit the heart, and supplies oxygen and nutrients to the rest of the body. The normal aortic valve has three leaflets, also known as cusps. Some people can be born with one, two or even four cusps of their aortic valve. The most common of these abnormalities is an aortic valve with two cusps — thus, a ...
In his first year of medical school, he saw his first transcatheter aortic valve replacement, something he says he hadn't even known was possible. "Structural cardiology, particularly the advancements in percutaneous valvular interventions, represents some of the most exciting and cutting-edge work in all of medicine," he says.
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