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Theophylline, also known as 1,3-dimethylxanthine, is a drug that inhibits phosphodiesterase and blocks adenosine receptors. [1] It is used to treat chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma . [ 2 ]
It is a combination drug containing three active ingredients - theophylline, ephedrine, phenobarbital. [2] This medication relaxes the smooth muscle of the airways, making breathing easier. [ 3 ] The common side effects of Tedral include gastrointestinal disturbances , dizziness , headache and lightheadedness .
[16] [17] [18] Combinations of theophylline, ephedrine, and a barbiturate were later phased out in favor of combinations of theophylline and ephedrine alone (e.g., brand name Franol). [ 2 ] [ 1 ] Fixed-dose combinations of theophylline and ephedrine were abandoned after the 1970s as they did not allow for dose titration in asthma therapy owing ...
Zileuton is a minor substrate of CYP1A2, 2C8/9, 3A4, and a weak inhibitor of CYP 1A2. The drug has been shown to increase the serum concentration or effects of theophylline, propranolol, and warfarin, although significant increase in prothrombin time is not obvious. It is advised that the doses of each medication be monitored and/or reduced ...
The drugs are called proton pump inhibitors, or PPIs, and you might even have one or two in your medicine cabinet right now. Using some heartburn drugs may increase your risk of kidney problems ...
An adenosine receptor antagonist is a drug which acts as an antagonist of one or more of the adenosine receptors. [1] The best known are xanthines and their derivatives (natural: caffeine, [2] theophylline, [3] and theobromine; and synthetic: PSB-1901 [4]), but there are also non-xanthine representatives (e.g. ISAM-140, [5] ISAM-R316, [6] etrumadenant, [7] and AZD-4635 [8])
They are occasionally used as an adjunct to the statins as an alternative to the fibrates (another major group of cholesterol-lowering drugs), which are thought to increase the risk of rhabdomyolysis when used with statins. The bile-acid-binding resins can raise triglycerides modestly (about 5%) and cannot be used if the triglycerides are elevated.
Theobromine is a flat molecule, [3] a derivative of purine and an isomer of theophylline. [6] It is also classified as a dimethyl xanthine . [ 5 ] [ 7 ] Related compounds include theophylline , caffeine , paraxanthine , and 7-methylxanthine , each of which differ in the number or placement of the methyl groups.
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