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They can be realized using flux-tunable qubits with flux-tunable coupling, [19] or using microwave drives in fixed-frequency qubits with fixed coupling. [ 20 ] Non-Clifford swap gates
In quantum computing, a qubit (/ ˈ k juː b ɪ t /) or quantum bit is a basic unit of quantum information—the quantum version of the classic binary bit physically realized with a two-state device. A qubit is a two-state (or two-level) quantum-mechanical system , one of the simplest quantum systems displaying the peculiarity of quantum mechanics.
The first implementation scheme for a controlled-NOT quantum gate was proposed by Ignacio Cirac and Peter Zoller in 1995, [3] specifically for the trapped-ion system. The same year, a key step in the controlled-NOT gate was experimentally realized at NIST Ion Storage Group, and research in quantum computing began to take off worldwide.
Circuit quantum electrodynamics (circuit QED) provides a means of studying the fundamental interaction between light and matter (quantum optics). [1] As in the field of cavity quantum electrodynamics, a single photon within a single mode cavity coherently couples to a quantum object (atom). In contrast to cavity QED, the photon is stored in a ...
The QCD vacuum is the quantum vacuum state of quantum chromodynamics (QCD). It is an example of a non-perturbative vacuum state, characterized by non-vanishing condensates such as the gluon condensate and the quark condensate in the complete theory which includes quarks.
He led the development of generation of energy-efficient single flux quantum technology and superconducting ferromagnetic and spintronic random-access memories for energy-efficient computing. [ 8 ] [ 12 ] [ clarification needed ] He co-invented a digital RF architecture, and led the development of the first commercial use of superconducting ...
Hence, units of electric flux are, in the MKS system, newtons per coulomb times meters squared, or N m 2 /C. (Electric flux density is the electric flux per unit area, and is a measure of strength of the normal component of the electric field averaged over the area of integration. Its units are N/C, the same as the electric field in MKS units.)