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A venous lake (also known as phlebectasis [1]) is a generally solitary, soft, compressible, dark blue to violaceous, 0.2- to 1-cm papule commonly found on sun-exposed surfaces of the vermilion border of the lip, face and ears. [2] [3] [4] Lesions generally occur among the elderly. [5] [6]
Infantile hemangiomas are the most common type of vascular tumor to affect babies, [4] accounting for 90% of hemangiomas. [5] They are characterised by the abnormal proliferation of endothelial cells and of deviant blood vessel formation or architecture. [6]
Spinal cord compression is commonly found in patients with metastatic malignancy. [10] Back pain is a primary symptom of spinal cord compression in patients with known malignancy. [11] Back pain may prompt a bone scan to confirm or exclude spinal metastasis. Rapid identification and intervention of metastatic spinal cord compression is ...
Less commonly, the cause of spinal stenosis may be present at birth as seen in achondroplasia, spina bifida, and certain mucopolysaccharidoses. [15] In addition to spinal stenosis, other lower back conditions such as spondylosis, tumors, infections and herniated or ruptured discs can cause NC. These conditions contribute to the potential ...
The most successful treatment for lymphangiosarcoma is amputation of the affected limb if possible. Chemotherapy may be administered if there is evidence or suspicion of metastatic disease. Evidence supporting the effectiveness of chemotherapy is, in many cases, unclear due to a wide variety of prognostic factors and small sample size.
A meningeal melanocytoma is a rare, pigmented tumor found on the leptomeninges of the brain, [6] [7] typically in the area of the base of the brain and brainstem, [2] or the spine. [4] [11] Symptoms may be absent or related to the tumor's growth and location. Similar to optic melanocytomas, the main concerns include growth, recurrence, and ...
Melanoma is a malignant proliferation of melanocytes and the most aggressive type of skin cancer. [80] [81] [82] Acral lentiginous melanoma Nodular melanoma; Amelanotic melanoma; Animal-type melanoma; Desmoplastic melanoma (neurotropic melanoma, spindled melanoma) Lentigo maligna (lentiginous melanoma on sun-damaged skin) Lentigo maligna melanoma
Venous spread may occur when intra-abdominal or thoracic pressure increases and venous flow is retrograde which then allows tumor cells in the systemic venous system to enter the vertebral venous system. Centripetal migration from systemic tumors along perineural, invasion of nerve space, or perivascular spaces. [17]