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In Telugu, a lakh is called లక్ష lakṣha and a crore is called కోటి kōṭi. In Urdu, a lakh is called لاکھ lākh and a crore is called کروڑ karoṛ. A billion is called arab (ارب), and one hundred billion/arab is called a kharab (کھرب). Lakh has entered the Swahili language as "laki" and is in common use.
The word crore derives from the Prakrit word kroḍi, which in turn comes from the Sanskrit koṭi (कोटि), [2] denoting ten million in the Indian number system, which has separate terms for most powers of ten from 10 0 up to 10 19. The crore is known by various regional names.
Lakh and crore are common enough to have entered Indian English. For number 0, Modern Standard Hindi is more inclined towards śūnya (a Sanskrit tatsama ) and Standard Urdu is more inclined towards sifr (borrowed from Arabic), while the native tadbhava -form is sunnā in Hindustani.
A comparison of Sanskrit and Eastern Arabic numerals. Devanagari digits shapes may vary depending on geographical area or epoch. Some of the variants are also seen in older Sanskrit literature. [2] [3]
The Varga (Group/Class) letters ka to ma are to be placed in the varga (square) places (1st, 100th, 10000th, etc.) and Avarga letters like ya, ra, la.. have to be placed in Avarga places (10th, 1000th, 100000th, etc.). The Varga letters ka to ma have values from 1, 2, 3 .. up to 25 and Avarga letters ya to ha have values 30, 40, 50 .. up to 100 ...
In the abbreviated form, usage such as "₹ 5L" or "₹ 5 lac" (for "5 lakh rupees") is common. [4] In this system of numeration, 100 lakh is called one crore [3] and is equal to 10 million. Formal written publications in English in India tend to use lakh/crore for Indian currency and Western numbering for foreign currencies, such as dollars ...
In Hindi ½ Seer = Adha (½) Seer, or Adher 1 Ser = 2 Adher = 4 Pav = 16 Chattank = 80 Tola = 933.1 grams 1 Savaser = 1 Ser + 1 Pav (1¼ Seer) 1 Savaser weighed 100 Imperial rupees In Hindi 1¼ Seer = Sava (1¼) Seer, or Savaser 1 Dhaser = 2 Savaser = 2½ Seer In Hindi 2½ Seer = Dhai (2½) Seer, or Dhaser 1 Paseri = 2 Adisari = 5 Seer
In modern India, the terms lakh for 10 5 and crore for 10 7 are in common use. Both are vernacular (Hindustani) forms derived from a list of names for powers of ten in Yājñavalkya Smṛti, where 10 5 and 10 7 named lakṣa and koṭi, respectively.