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A false equivalence or false equivalency is an informal fallacy in which an equivalence is drawn between two subjects based on flawed or false reasoning. This fallacy is categorized as a fallacy of inconsistency. [1] Colloquially, a false equivalence is often called "comparing apples and oranges."
False necessity, or anti-necessitarian social theory, is a contemporary social theory that argues for the plasticity of social organizations and their potential to be shaped in new ways. The theory rejects the assumption that laws of change govern the history of human societies and limit human freedom. [ 1 ]
Michael Laban Walzer [a] (born March 3, 1935) is an American political theorist and public intellectual.A professor emeritus at the Institute for Advanced Study (IAS) in Princeton, New Jersey, he is editor emeritus of the left-wing magazine Dissent, which he has been affiliated with since his years as an undergraduate at Brandeis University, an advisory editor of the Jewish journal Fathom, and ...
According to Shackel, David Bloor's strong programme for the sociology of scientific knowledge made use of a motte-and-bailey doctrine when trying to defend his conception of knowledge as "whatever people take to be knowledge", without distinguishing between beliefs that are widely accepted but contrary to reality, and beliefs that correspond ...
[2] The book drew a somewhat frosty response, and L.L. Bernard wrote in the American Journal of Sociology that Coker "missed the point". [3] Nonetheless, the book gained a following and is still cited today. Coker's other major theoretical work was Recent Political Thought published in 1934. The book examined the development of political ideas ...
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George Homans' version of exchange theory specifically argues that behaviorist stimulus-response principles can explain the emergence of complex social structures. Blau, Peter. 1964. Exchange & Power in Social Life. Emerson, Richard. 1962. "Power-Dependence Theory." American Sociological Review 27(1):31-41. Homans, George C. 1958.
Philip Ernest Converse (November 17, 1928 – December 30, 2014) was an American political scientist. [1] He was a professor in political science and sociology at the University of Michigan who conducted research on public opinion, survey research, and quantitative social science.