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Urolithins are microflora metabolites of dietary ellagic acid derivatives, such as ellagitannins. [1] They are produced in the gut , and found in the urine in the form of urolithin B glucuronide after absorption of ellagitannins-containing foods, such as pomegranate . [ 2 ]
Urolithin A is not known to be found in any food but rather forms as the result of transformation of ellagic acids and ellagitannins by the gut microflora in humans. [ citation needed ] Sources of ellagitannins are: pomegranates, nuts, some berries (raspberries, strawberries, blackberries, cloudberries), tea, muscadine grapes, many tropical ...
The researchers attribute this effect to the omega-3 fatty acids naturally found in these foods. ... Data published in Antioxidants suggests that walnuts also contain several urolithins, ...
Ellagic acid is a polyphenol found in numerous fruits and vegetables. ... Urolithins are gut flora human metabolites of dietary ellagic acid derivatives. [3] [4] ...
Urolithin B is found in the urine in the form of urolithin B glucuronide. [citation needed] See also. Glucuronide. Glucuronic acid; Pomegranate ellagitannins;
Castalagin is a representative ellagitannin, characterized by coupled gallic acid substituents. The ellagitannins are a diverse class of hydrolyzable tannins, a type of polyphenol formed primarily from the oxidative linkage of galloyl groups in 1,2,3,4,6-pentagalloyl glucose.
Corilagin is an ellagitannin.Corilagin was first isolated in 1951 from Dividivi extract and from Caesalpinia coriaria, [1] [2] hence the name of the molecule. It can also be found in Alchornea glandulosa and in the leaves of Punica granatum (pomegranate).
It can be found in Geum japonicum and Syzygium aromaticum (clove). [1] Tellimagrandin II is an isomer of punicafolin or nupharin A, but the hexahydroxydiphenoyl group is not attached to the same hydroxyl groups in the glucose molecule. The compound shows anti-herpesvirus properties. [1]