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Pantheism is the philosophical and religious belief that reality, the universe, and nature are identical to divinity or a supreme entity. [1] The physical universe is thus understood as an immanent deity, still expanding and creating, which has existed since the beginning of time. [2]
Pantheism is the belief that the universe (or nature as the totality of everything) is identical with divinity, or that everything composes an all-encompassing, immanent God. Pantheists do not believe in a distinct personal or anthropomorphic god.
Unlike pantheism, which holds that the divine and the universe are identical, [3] panentheism maintains an ontological distinction between the divine and the non-divine and the significance of both. In panentheism, the universal spirit is present everywhere, which at the same time " transcends " all things created.
Pantheism (Gr. pan=all, theos=God), is the title used to denote any paradigm that postulates 'God is all' Pantheism identifies the Universe (Nature) with God. Various forms of pantheism have religious foundations; others have been based upon naturalistic, scientific, or poetic points of view. [2]
God is often thought of as incorporeal and independent of the material creation, [1] [5] [6] while pantheism holds that God is the universe itself. God is sometimes seen as omnibenevolent , while deism holds that God is not involved with humanity apart from creation.
Classical Pantheism, as defined by Charles Hartshorne in 1953, is the theological deterministic philosophies of pantheists such as Baruch Spinoza and the Stoics. Hartshorne sought to distinguish panentheism , which rejects determinism, from deterministic pantheism.
Naturalistic pantheism, also known as scientific pantheism, is a form of pantheism. It has been used in various ways such as to relate God or divinity with concrete things, [1] determinism, [2] or the substance of the universe. [3] From these perspectives, God is seen as the aggregate of all unified natural phenomena. [4]
Some believe in a female god (goddess), a passive god (Deism), an Abrahamic god, or a god manifested in nature or the universe (pantheism). Many UUs reject the idea of deities and instead speak of the "spirit of life" that binds all life on Earth.