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Catharism (/ ˈ k æ θ ər ɪ z əm / KATH-ər-iz-əm; [1] from the Ancient Greek: καθαροί, romanized: katharoí, "the pure ones" [2]) was a Christian quasi-dualist or pseudo-Gnostic movement, which thrived in the anti-materialist revival in Southern Europe, particularly in northern Italy and southern France, between the 12th and 14th centuries. [3]
A Cathar Perfect had to undergo a rigorous training of three years before being inducted as a member of the spiritual elite of the religious movement. [ citation needed ] This took place during a ceremony in which various Scriptural extracts were quoted, including, most particularly, the opening verses of the Gospel of John [ citation needed ] .
Bonacursus was a 12th-century Italian Cathar who converted to Catholicism and released a confessional report to the people of Milan exposing the nature of the Cathar heresy entitled "Manifestatio haeresis catharorum quam fecit Bonacursus" sometime between 1176 and 1190. [1] He also reported on the Pasagian heresy [2] as well as the Arnoldists. [3]
The Perfect Heresy: The Life and Death of the Cathars, Profile Books Ltd, 2001. [ISBN missing] Falk, Avner (2010). Franks and Saracens: Reality and Fantasy in the Crusades. London: Karnac Books, Ltd. ISBN 978-1-85575-733-2. Marvin, Laurence W. (2008). The Occitan War: A Military and Political History of the Albigensian Crusade, 1209–1218 ...
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The origins of both the term Cagots (and Agotes, Capots, Caqueux, etc.) and the Cagots themselves are uncertain.It has been suggested that they were descendants of the Visigoths [1] [2] defeated by Clovis I at the Battle of Vouillé, [3] [4] and that the name Cagot derives from caas ("dog") and the Old Occitan for Goth gòt around the 6th century. [5]
The Cathars also denied infant baptism, as they felt that infants are not able to understand the meaning of baptism. [ 7 ] The Reformation also spread successfully in areas previously inhabited by Cathars; as an example Protestantism was successful in Toulouse , which was also a stronghold of Albigensianism.
Nicetas, known only from Latin sources who call him papa Nicetas, is said to have been the Bogomil bishop of Constantinople.In the 1160s he went to Lombardy.His purpose was apparently to reinforce the dualist beliefs of the Cathars of these regions, and, in particular, to throw doubt on the validity of their spiritual lineage or ordo, the sequence of consolamenta by which they were linked to ...