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Pertarungan Ideologi: Pancasila di Tengah Kepungan Ideologi-Ideologi Dominan [The Ideological Battlefield: Pancasila Surrounded by Dominant Ideologies] (PDF) (in Indonesian). UNNES Press. ISBN 9786022851356. Elson, R. E. (October 2009). "Another Look at the Jakarta Charter Controversy of 1945" (PDF). Indonesia. 88 (88): 105– 130
The need of Pancasila preservation become intensified after the 30 September Movement, after Suharto concluded that Pancasila was no longer practiced by Indonesian population, thus "Communism/Marxism-Leninism" (sic, official state terminology) was raised as contender and challenged the state ideology. [7]
An election rally for the Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle, 1999. The Indonesian political party system is regulated by Act No. 2 of 2008 on Political Parties. [3] The law defines political party as "a national organisation founded by like-minded Indonesian citizens with common goals to fulfill common interests and to defend the unity of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia as ...
In December 1930, Sutan Sjahrir established an organization called Indonesian Nationalist Education (Indonesian: Pendidikan Nasional Indonesia), known as the New PNI (PNI Baru) as a rival to the Indonesia Party (Partindo), which was itself a replacement for the original PNI. Rather than confronting the Dutch, the PNI-Baru aimed to nurture ...
The Prosperous Justice Party (Indonesian: Partai Keadilan Sejahtera, sometimes called the Justice and Prosperity Party, Indonesian name literally translated "Party of Secure/Peaceful Justice"), frequently abbreviated to PKS, is an Islamist [2] [4] [6] [9] [13] political party in Indonesia.
Nasakom (Indonesian: Nasionalisme, Agama, Komunisme), which stands for nationalism, religion and communism, was a political concept coined by President Sukarno.This concept prevailed in Indonesia from 1959 during the Guided Democracy Era until the New Order, in 1966.
Some party members were outside Indonesia at the time of the 30 September events; a sizeable delegation had traveled to the People's Republic of China to participate in the anniversary celebration of the Chinese Revolution. Others had left Indonesia to study in Eastern Europe, particularly Albania. Although the party apparatus continued to ...
The 1949 Federal Constitution of the United States of Indonesia (Indonesian: Konstitusi Republik Indonesia Serikat, lit. ' Constitution of the Republic of the United States of Indonesia ') replaced the 1945 Constitution of Indonesia when sovereignty was officially transferred from the Netherlands to Indonesia following the Dutch-Indonesian Round Table Conference.