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  2. Reference (C++) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reference_(C++)

    In the C++ programming language, a reference is a simple reference datatype that is less powerful but safer than the pointer type inherited from C.The name C++ reference may cause confusion, as in computer science a reference is a general concept datatype, with pointers and C++ references being specific reference datatype implementations.

  3. Value (computer science) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Value_(computer_science)

    When executed, the computer generates an integer value of 13, but because the program has not explicitly designated where in the computer this 13 is stored, the expression is a non l-value. On the other hand, if a C program declares a variable x and assigns the value of 13 to x, then the expression x has a value of 13 and is an l-value.

  4. Concepts (C++) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concepts_(C++)

    The following is a declaration of the concept "equality_comparable" from the <concepts> header of a C++20 standard library. This concept is satisfied by any type T such that for lvalues a and b of type T, the expressions a==b and a!=b as well as the reverse b==a and b!=a compile, and their results are convertible to a type that satisfies the concept "boolean-testable":

  5. Ternary conditional operator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ternary_conditional_operator

    The detailed semantics of "the" ternary operator as well as its syntax differs significantly from language to language. A top level distinction from one language to another is whether the expressions permit side effects (as in most procedural languages) and whether the language provides short-circuit evaluation semantics, whereby only the selected expression is evaluated (most standard ...

  6. Type punning - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_punning

    The C standard's aliasing rules state that an object shall have its stored value accessed only by an lvalue expression of a compatible type. [4] The types float and int32_t are not compatible, therefore this code's behavior is undefined.

  7. Blocks (C language extension) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blocks_(C_language_extension)

    Unlike ordinary C function definitions, their value can capture state from their surrounding context. A block definition produces an opaque value which contains both a reference to the code within the block and a snapshot of the current state of local stack variables at the time of its definition.

  8. Operators in C and C++ - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operators_in_C_and_C++

    This is a list of operators in the C and C++ programming languages.. All listed operators are in C++ and lacking indication otherwise, in C as well. Some tables include a "In C" column that indicates whether an operator is also in C. Note that C does not support operator overloading.

  9. C++ - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C++

    To intermix C and C++ code, any function declaration or definition that is to be called from/used both in C and C++ must be declared with C linkage by placing it within an extern "C" {/*...*/} block. Such a function may not rely on features depending on name mangling (i.e., function overloading).