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The Michigan model is a theory of voter choice, based primarily on sociological and party identification factors. Originally proposed by political scientists , beginning with an investigation of the 1952 Presidential election, [ 1 ] at the University of Michigan 's Survey Research Centre.
Votes in an election are often represented using bar charts or pie charts, often labeled with the corresponding percentage or number of votes. [1] The apportionment of seats between the parties in a legislative body has a defined set of rules, unique to each body. As an example, the Senate of Virginia says,
The most common example of a spatial model is a political spectrum or compass, such as the traditional left-right axis, [2] but issue spaces can be more complex. For example, a study of German voters found at least four dimensions were required to adequately represent all political parties.
There is a correlation between voter satisfaction with what a political party has achieved and dealt with a situation and voters' intention of voting for the same party again. [10] Thus, if there is high voter satisfaction with how the political party performed, then the likelihood of a reoccurring vote in the next election is high. [10]
Party membership is a formal form of affiliation with a party, often involving registration with a party organization. [18] Party membership can serve as an 'anchor' on a voter's party identification, such that they remain with the party even when their views differ from declared party platforms.
Diagram of the political spectrum according to Hans Eysenck Shortly afterward, Hans Eysenck began researching political attitudes in the United Kingdom . He believed that there was something essentially similar about the fascism of the National Socialists ( Nazis ) on the one hand and the communists on the other, despite their opposite ...
Political identity is a form of social identity marking membership of certain groups that share a common struggle for a certain form of power. This can include identification with a political party, [1] but also positions on specific political issues, nationalism, [2] inter-ethnic relations or more abstract ideological themes.
The Pathoplasty Model: This model proposes that premorbid personality traits impact the expression, course, severity, and/or treatment response of a mental disorder. [194] [200] [81] An example of this relationship would be a heightened likelihood of committing suicide in a depressed individual who also has low levels of constraint. [200]