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The following is a general comparison of OTP applications that are used to generate one-time passwords for two-factor authentication (2FA) systems using the time-based one-time password (TOTP) or the HMAC-based one-time password (HOTP) algorithms.
Account recovery typically bypasses mobile-phone two-factor authentication. [2] [failed verification] Modern smartphones are used both for receiving email and SMS. So if the phone is lost or stolen and is not protected by a password or biometric, all accounts for which the email is the key can be hacked as the phone can receive the second factor.
Universal 2nd Factor (U2F) is an open standard that strengthens and simplifies two-factor authentication (2FA) using specialized Universal Serial Bus (USB), near-field communication (NFC), or Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) devices based on similar security technology found in smart cards.
Alice then has an authentication of Bob, and Bob has authentication of Alice. Taken together, they have mutual authentication. DIGEST-MD5 already enabled mutual authentication, but it was often incorrectly implemented. [2] [3] When Mallory runs a man-in-the-middle attack and forges a CA signature, she could retrieve a hash of the password.
To establish TOTP authentication, the authenticatee and authenticator must pre-establish both the HOTP parameters and the following TOTP parameters: T 0, the Unix time from which to start counting time steps (default is 0), T X, an interval which will be used to calculate the value of the counter C T (default is 30 seconds).
In "Step 2" of the setup page, there is a box with a pattern which you have to point your device's camera toward. (Your device might ask you for permission to use the camera first.) If you can't scan the QR code, you can enter the "Two-factor authentication secret key" from "Step 2" of the setup page into the app, which gives you the same result.
A software token (a.k.a. soft token) is a piece of a two-factor authentication security device that may be used to authorize the use of computer services. [1] Software tokens are stored on a general-purpose electronic device such as a desktop computer, laptop, PDA, or mobile phone and can be duplicated.
[1] The simplest example of a challenge-response protocol is password authentication, where the challenge is asking for the password and the valid response is the correct password. An adversary who can eavesdrop on a password authentication can authenticate themselves by reusing the intercepted password. One solution is to issue multiple ...