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In electronic logic circuits, a pull-up resistor (PU) or pull-down resistor (PD) is a resistor used to ensure a known state for a signal. [1] It is typically used in combination with components such as switches and transistors , which physically interrupt the connection of subsequent components to ground or to V CC .
To calculate the E192 series: is 192, then is incremented from 0 to 191 through the formula, with one exception for = where 9.20 is the official value instead of the calculated 9.19 value. Since some values of the E24 series do not exist in the E48, E96, or E192 series, some resistor manufacturers have added missing E24 values into some of ...
There is nothing special about pull-up or pull-down resistors, it's just how the resistors are connected in a circuit. The voltage drop across any resistor depends on the current flowing; in a circuit, currents can change and consequently the voltages at specific points in that circuit may go up at one end of what is called a pull-up resistor ...
The resistance value is determined by cutting a helix through the coating rather than by etching, similar to the way carbon resistors are made. The result is a reasonable tolerance (0.5%, 1%, or 2%) and a temperature coefficient that is generally between 50 and 100 ppm/K. [ 9 ] Metal film resistors possess good noise characteristics and low non ...
Higher operating speeds require lower resistor values for faster pull-up, which consume even more power. Also when driving a load, current through the pull-up resistor reduces the output high voltage by a voltage drop equal to the current times resistance, according to Ohm's law .
Various tables and calculators are available that provide a means of determining the appropriate resistor values for achieving particular loss values, such as that published by the NAB in 1960 for losses ranging from 1/2 to 40 dB, for use in 600 ohm circuits.
An active-low OR diode logic gate is formed by a keypad containing diodes at each switch, all connected to a shared pull-up resistor. When no switch is closed, the pull-up keeps the output high. But when the switch for any key connects to ground, the output goes low. This OR result can be used as an interrupt signal to indicate that any key has ...
Originally meant also as part marking code, this shorthand notation is widely used in electrical engineering to denote the values of resistors and capacitors in circuit diagrams and in the production of electronic circuits (for example in bills of material and in silk screens).