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Even as Operation Momentum expanded and spread throughout Laos, the burgeoning war in Vietnam became the focus of the American effort; the Laotian Civil War was subordinated to it. The change in emphasis can be judged by the fact that in 1967, the U.S. sank 431,000 troops into the Vietnam theater, at a fiscal cost about 700 times as great as ...
The Pathet Lao were intent on cooperation with FAN. There was a very real risk attached to failure of Operation Momentum—attraction of communist retribution upon the Hmong populace. [8] There was a grass airstrip at Ban Pa Dong, and some old wooden buildings that had been built by the French. [9]
While Operation White Star was concluded as part of the American military leaving Laos, Operation Momentum went into suspended animation. Nevertheless, the CIA tried to maintain contact with the 13,500 ADC troops it had trained in northern Laos. Much to the disgust of Vang Pao, the CIA's supply of munitions to his Hmong guerrillas was suspended.
17 January 1961–30 September 1974: Operation Momentum, in Military Region 2 (MR 2) 31 January–6 June 1961: Battle of Ban Pa Dong, in Military Region 1 (MR 1) 13 March–August 1961: Operation Millpond, nationwide, (cancelled) 13 December 1961–10 September 1962: Operation Pincushion, in Military Region 4 (MR 4)
Covert sites of the Laotian Civil War were clandestine U.S. military installations for conducting covert paramilitary and combat operations in the Kingdom of Laos. Airstrips within the Kingdom of Laos were originally designated by Air America as "Site XX" (with XX being a number). In September 1961, the designation changed to "VS XX", meaning ...
On 13 March, a FAN counter-offensive quickly wiped out all the Royal Lao Army gains. To bolster Phoumi's forces, Operation Millpond was founded to secretively import American air power on the Royal Lao Government's side. [24] Phoumi also tried to co-opt the Operation Momentum guerrillas, despite his dislike and distrust of the Hmong hill tribes ...
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Operation Momentum - 31 December 2014; Auto Defense Choc - 2 January 2015; ... Operation Bedrock (Laos) - 20 February 2016; Operation Silver Buckle - 22 February 2016;