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Virtually generated microstructure of dual-phase steel. [1]Dual-phase steel (DP steel) is a high-strength steel that has a ferritic–martensitic microstructure. DP steels are produced from low or medium carbon steels that are quenched from a temperature above A 1 but below A 3 determined from continuous cooling transformation diagram.
Bainite is a plate-like microstructure that forms in steels at temperatures of 125–550 °C (depending on alloy content). [1] First described by E. S. Davenport and Edgar Bain, [2] [3] it is one of the products that may form when austenite (the face-centered cubic crystal structure of iron) is cooled past a temperature where it is no longer thermodynamically stable with respect to ferrite ...
In some cases, simply changing the way the material is processed can influence the microstructure. An example is the titanium alloy TiAl6V4. [12] Its microstructure and mechanical properties are enhanced using SLM (selective laser melting) which is a 3D printing technique using powder and melting the particles together using high powered laser ...
A fundamental requirement to meet the ambitious ICME objective of designing materials for specific products resp. components is an integrative and interdisciplinary computational description of the history of the component starting from the sound initial condition of a homogeneous, isotropic and stress free melt resp. gas phase and continuing via subsequent processing steps and eventually ...
Time-Temperature-Transformation diagram for two steels: one with 0.4% wt. C (red line) and one with 0.4% wt. C and 2% weight Mn (green line). P = pearlite, B = bainite and M = martensite. Isothermal transformation diagrams (also known as time-temperature-transformation ( TTT ) diagrams ) are plots of temperature versus time (usually on a ...
The maraging steels are a popular class of structural materials because of their superior mechanical properties among different categories of steel. Their mechanical properties can be tailored for different applications using various processing techniques. Some of the most widely used processing techniques for manufacturing and tuning of ...
Acicular ferrite steels: These steels are characterized by a very fine high strength acicular ferrite structure, a very low carbon content, and good hardenability. Dual-phase steels: These steels have a ferrite microstructure that contain small, uniformly distributed sections of martensite. This microstructure gives the steels a low yield ...
European standard steel grade names fall into two categories: [1] Steel specified by purpose of use and mechanical properties. Steel specified by chemical composition. The inclusion of a letter 'G' before the code indicates the steel is specified in the form of a casting.