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Trifluoroethanol and hexafluoroisopropanol are used as solvents in research. [4] Fluorotelomer alcohols are precursors to perfluorocarboxylic acids. Pirkle's alcohol is used a chiral shift reagent in nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
The synthesis of fluorotelomer alcohols requires a varying number of tetrafluoroethylene monomers that form an oligomer with a pentafluoroethyl iodide telogen. The fluorinated iodide then undergoes an addition with ethylene to form an organoiodine compound with increased synthesis possibilities. [ 1 ]
2-Fluoroethanol was originally synthesized by treating 2-chloroethanol with potassium fluoride, in a simple Finkelstein reaction. [5] The product has a lower boiling point that the starting material and may be conveniently isolated by distillation.
Pentafluorophenol is the organofluorine compound (specifically a fluoroalcohol) with the formula C 6 F 5 OH. This is the perfluorinated analogue of phenol . It is a white solid that melts just above room temperature, and smells of phenol.
Trifluoroethanol is produced industrially by hydrogenation or the hydride reduction of derivatives of trifluoroacetic acid, such as the esters or acyl chloride. [1]TFE can also be prepared by hydrogenolysis of compounds of generic formula CF 3 −CHOH−OR (where R is hydrogen or an alkyl group containing from one to eight carbon atoms), in the presence of a palladium containing catalyst ...
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[2] [3] It is highly electrophilic and fluoral forms a hydrate CF 3 CH(OH) 2 upon contact with water like other halogenated acetaldehydes. [4] It is commonly used in form of ethyl hemiacetal (1-ethoxy-2,2,2-trifluoroethanol, CF 3 CH(OCH 2 CH 3 )(OH) ) due to the aldehyde's high reactivity, including the tendency to polymerise.
They are components of fire-fighting foam. [1] Fluorosurfactants (PFAS) reduce surface tension by concentrating at the liquid-air interface due to the lipophobicity of polyfluorocarbons. Chlorofluorocarbons are also perfluorinated compounds, many of which were formerly used as refrigerants until they were implicated in ozone degradation.