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In 2001, Bruce Rothschild and others published a study examining evidence for stress fractures and tendon avulsions in theropod dinosaurs and the implications for their behavior. They found that only one of the 17 Chirostenotes foot bones checked for stress fractures actually had them. [25] Caenagnathids of the Dinosaur Park Formation, to scale.
Dinosaur classification began in 1842 when Sir Richard Owen placed Iguanodon, Megalosaurus, and Hylaeosaurus in "a distinct tribe or suborder of Saurian Reptiles, for which I would propose the name of Dinosauria."
The second, third and fourth finger of the hand are contained in a shared soft tissue "mitten". [16] Examination of the stomach of "Leonardo" also reveals that the dinosaur was parasitized by small, needle-like worms covered in fine bristles. The discovery indicates that other dinosaur species might have been hosts of similar parasites. [24]
Dinosauromorpha is a clade of avemetatarsalians (archosaurs closer to birds than to crocodilians) that includes the Dinosauria (dinosaurs) and some of their close relatives. It was originally defined to include dinosauriforms and lagerpetids , [ 3 ] with later formulations specifically excluding pterosaurs from the group. [ 4 ]
They are identified with Roman numerals from I–V, with I denoting the innermost and V the outermost digit. The individual digits have of one or more phalanges (finger and toe bones). [1]: 145 dolichoiliac Dolichoiliac refers to one of two principal hip bone configurations in early saurischian dinosaurs.
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Panthera shawi was a lion-like cat in South Africa that possibly lived in the early Pleistocene. [15] Panthera balamoides lived in the Yucatan Peninsula in Mexico during the Pleistocene. [16] Some researchers consider this species to be a bear instead. [17] [18] [19] An additional fossil genus Leontoceryx was described in 1938. [20]
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