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It should have the maximum number of atoms. It should have the maximum number of heteroatoms. It should have the maximum number of senior heteroatoms (in order: O, S, N, P, Si, B). For chains: Identification of the parent hydrocarbon chain. This chain must obey the following rules, in order of precedence: It should have the maximum length.
The carbons of the chain are conventionally numbered from 1 to n, starting from the end which is closest to the carbonyl. If the carbonyl is at the very beginning of the chain (carbon 1), the monosaccharide is said to be an aldose, otherwise it is a ketose. These names can be combined with the chain length prefix, as in aldohexose or ...
In this example, the carbon atoms are numbered from one to five, which starts at one end and proceeds sequentially along the chain. Now the position of the oxygen atom can be defined as on carbon atom number two, three or four. However, atoms two and four are exactly equivalent - which can be shown by turning the molecule around by 180 degrees.
IUPAC states that, "As one of its major activities, IUPAC develops Recommendations to establish unambiguous, uniform, and consistent nomenclature and terminology for specific scientific fields, usually presented as: glossaries of terms for specific chemical disciplines; definitions of terms relating to a group of properties; nomenclature of chemical compounds and their classes; terminology ...
The following is a list of straight-chain alkanes, the total number of isomers of each (including branched chains), and their common names, sorted by number of carbon atoms. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Number of C atoms
In organic chemistry, the carbon number of a compound is the number of carbon atoms in each molecule. [1] The properties of hydrocarbons can be correlated with the carbon number, although the carbon number alone does not give an indication of the saturation of the organic compound. When describing a particular molecule, the "carbon number" is ...
Number the carbons in that chain starting from the end that is closest to the double bond. Define the location k of the double bond as being the number of its first carbon. Name the side groups (other than hydrogen) according to the appropriate rules. Define the position of each side group as the number of the chain carbon it is attached to.
An atom (or ion) whose oxidation number increases in a redox reaction is said to be oxidized (and is called a reducing agent). It is accomplished by loss of one or more electrons. The atom whose oxidation number decreases gains (receives) one or more electrons and is said to be reduced. This relation can be remembered by the following mnemonics.