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This represents up to 15% of total immunoglobulins produced throughout the body. [5] IgA has two subclasses (IgA1 and IgA2) and can be produced as a monomeric as well as a dimeric form. The IgA dimeric form is the most prevalent and, when it has bound the Secretory component, is also called secretory IgA (sIgA).
IgA protease (EC 3.4.21.72, IgA-specific serine endopeptidase, IgA proteinase, IgA-specific proteinase, immunoglobulin A protease, immunoglobulin A proteinase) is an enzyme. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction [reaction equation needed]
IgA-specific metalloendopeptidase (EC 3.4.24.13, immunoglobulin A1 proteinase, IgA protease, IgA1-specific proteinase, IgA1 protease, IgA1 proteinase) is an enzyme. [1] [2] [3] This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction: Cleavage of Pro-Thr bond in the hinge region of the heavy chain of human immunoglobulin A
IgA protease may refer to: IgA specific serine endopeptidase, an enzyme; IgA-specific metalloendopeptidase, an enzyme This page was last edited on 4 February 2015 ...
Each antibody binds to a specific antigen in a highly specific interaction analogous to a lock and key.. An antibody (Ab) or immunoglobulin (Ig) is a large, Y-shaped protein belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily which is used by the immune system to identify and neutralize antigens such as bacteria and viruses, including those that cause disease.
The innate immune system or nonspecific immune system [1] is one of the two main immunity strategies in vertebrates (the other being the adaptive immune system). The innate immune system is an alternate defense strategy and is the dominant immune system response found in plants , fungi , prokaryotes , and invertebrates (see Beyond vertebrates ).
Elastase has been shown to disrupt tight junctions, cause proteolytic damage to tissue, break down cytokines and alpha proteinase inhibitor, cleave immunoglobulin A and G (IgA, IgG), and cleave both C3bi, a component of the complement system, and CR1, a receptor on neutrophils for another complement molecule involved in phagocytosis.
Meningococci produce an IgA protease, an enzyme that cleaves IgA class antibodies and thus allows the bacteria to evade a subclass of the humoral immune system. [citation needed] A hypervirulent strain was discovered in China. Its impact is yet to be determined. [7]