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Require changes to the CPU design and thus a new iteration of hardware Microcode: Partial to full: Partial to full: None to large Updates the software that the CPU runs on which requires patches to be released for each affected CPU and integrated into every BIOS or operating system OS/VMM Partial: Partial to full: Small to large
Speculative execution exploit Variant 4, [8] is referred to as Speculative Store Bypass (SSB), [1] [9] and has been assigned CVE-2018-3639. [7] SSB is named Variant 4, but it is the fifth variant in the Spectre-Meltdown class of vulnerabilities.
Meltdown exploits a race condition, inherent in the design of many modern CPUs.This occurs between memory access and privilege checking during instruction processing. . Additionally, combined with a cache side-channel attack, this vulnerability allows a process to bypass the normal privilege checks that isolate the exploit process from accessing data belonging to the operating system and other ...
In computer security, a threat is a potential negative action or event enabled by a vulnerability that results in an unwanted impact to a computer system or application.. A threat can be either a negative "intentional" event (i.e. hacking: an individual cracker or a criminal organization) or an "accidental" negative event (e.g. the possibility of a computer malfunctioning, or the possibility ...
System Management Mode (SMM, sometimes called ring −2 in reference to protection rings) [1] [2] is an operating mode of x86 central processor units (CPUs) in which all normal execution, including the operating system, is suspended.
A batch file may contain any command the interpreter accepts interactively and use constructs that enable conditional branching and looping within the batch file, such as IF, FOR, and GOTO labels. The term "batch" is from batch processing, meaning "non-interactive execution", though a batch file might not process a batch of multiple data.
The MsmpEngine of Microsoft Defender in recent versions of Windows was found to be using high amounts of system resources, especially CPU Resources when Real-time protection and scheduled scan is configured to be turned on. [81] This issue is more apparent in PCs with Intel CPUs. [82]
Supervisor Mode Access Prevention (SMAP) is a feature of some CPU implementations such as the Intel Broadwell microarchitecture that allows supervisor mode programs to optionally set user-space memory mappings so that access to those mappings from supervisor mode will cause a trap.