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The word Fenian (/ ˈ f iː n i ə n /) served as an umbrella term for the Irish Republican Brotherhood (IRB) and their affiliate in the United States, the Fenian Brotherhood. They were secret political organisations in the late 19th and early 20th centuries dedicated to the establishment of an independent Irish Republic .
The Fenian Brotherhood (Irish: Bráithreachas na bhFíníní) was an Irish republican organisation founded in the United States in 1858 by John O'Mahony and Michael Doheny. [1] [2] It was a precursor to Clan na Gael, a sister organisation to the Irish Republican Brotherhood (IRB). Members were commonly known as "Fenians".
The Fenian Rising of 1867 (Irish: Éirí Amach na bhFíníní, 1867, IPA: [ˈeːɾʲiː əˈmˠax n̪ˠə ˈvʲiːnʲiːnʲiː]) was a rebellion against British rule in Ireland, organised by the Irish Republican Brotherhood (IRB).
MacDonald, John A. Troublous Times in Canada, A History of the Fenian Raids of 1866 and 1870. 1910; Ó Cathaoir, Brendan. "The Fenian raids on Canada: a postscript to Irish involvement in the American Civil War." Studia Hibernica 41 (2015): 109–132. online Archived 2020-06-28 at the Wayback Machine; Senior, H. (1996).
On 1 June 1866, he led a group of six hundred men across the Niagara River and occupied Fort Erie. The following day, north of Ridgeway, Canada West , O'Neill's group encountered a detached column of Canadian volunteers, commanded by Lieutenant-Colonel Alfred Booker (mainly formed of the Queen's Own Rifles of Toronto and the 13th Battalion of ...
Michael Doheny (22 May 1805 – 1 April 1862 [1]) was an Irish writer, lawyer, member of the Young Ireland movement, and co-founder of the Irish Republican Brotherhood, an Irish secret society which would go on to launch the Fenian Raids on Canada, Fenian Rising of 1867, and the Easter Rising of 1916, each of which was an attempt to bring about Irish Independence from Britain.
The leader of the Fenian Brotherhood, the scholarly John O'Mahony (who himself served as an officer in the Union Army), thought the Irish veterans should be deployed to Ireland post-haste for a rebellion there, funded by the Irish in America. However, Roberts quickly became the leader of a faction of Fenians with an alternative plan.
14 Jan 1881: A bomb exploded at a military barracks in Salford, Lancashire. [1] A young boy was killed [2] 16 Mar 1881: A bomb was found and defused in the Mansion House, London. [1] 5 May 1881: Bomb explodes at Chester Barracks, Chester. [3] 16 May 1881: Bomb attack at Liverpool police barracks. 10 June 1881: Bomb planted at Liverpool Town ...