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Baku is the capital of Azerbaijan. It was also the capital of Shirvan (during the reigns of Akhsitan I and Khalilullah I), the Baku Khanate, the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic and the Azerbaijan SSR and the administrative center of Russian Baku governorate. Baku is derived from the old Persian Bagavan, which translates to "City of God". [1]
Tours (10–13 June 1940), the city served as the temporary capital of France during World War II after the government fled Paris due to the German advance. Bordeaux (June 1940), the government was relocated from Paris to Tours then Bordeaux very briefly during World War II, when it became apparent that Paris would soon fall into German hands.
became capital of the Austro-Hungarian Empire: Vienna: Austro-Hungarian Empire: Austria: 1867 1918 became capital of the Republic of Austria after Empire collapsed Tournai: Francia: Belgium: 431 486 Under kings Childeric I and Clovis I, Tournai was the capital of the Frankish empire. In the year 486, Clovis moved the centre of power to Paris ...
1846 – Baku becomes part of the Shemakh province. [3] 1859 Oil refineries begin operating on the outskirts of town. [4] Town becomes capital of the newly established Baku Governorate. [3] 1860 – Population: 13,381. [2] 1868 Tbilisi-Baku telegraph begins operating. [4] Fountains Square constructed. 1875 – Ekinchi begins publication. [7]
The independence of the Azerbaijani republic was a significant but short-lived chapter in Baku's history. On 28 April 1920, the 11th Red Army invaded Baku and reinstalled the Bolsheviks, making Baku the capital of the Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic. The city underwent many major changes.
The capital of Turkey's predecessor, the Ottoman Empire, was Constantinople. Antananarivo Madagascar: Africa: Apia Samoa: Oceania: Ashgabat Turkmenistan: Asia: Asmara Eritrea: Africa: Astana Kazakhstan: Asia: Astana was named Nur-Sultan from 2019 to 2022. Almaty was the capital of Kazakhstan from 1991 to 1997 and its predecessor the Kazakh SSR ...
The Old City is the most ancient part of Baku, [3] which is surrounded by walls. In 2007, the Old City had a population of about 3,000 people. [4] In December 2000, the Old City of Baku, including the Palace of the Shirvanshahs and Maiden Tower, became the first location in Azerbaijan to be classified as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
All this played a crucial role in the attack of Russian Navy Bandits in Baku. The Russians were defeated and their ships were destroyed. The second time Baku became the capital city during the reign of Shirvanshah I Ibrahim. In 1608–1609, Baku judge Zulfugar Khan constructed the second line of 10–12 meters from the old fortifications. [3]