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The other two sides are called the legs (or the lateral sides) if they are not parallel; otherwise, the trapezoid is a parallelogram, and there are two pairs of bases. A scalene trapezoid is a trapezoid with no sides of equal measure, [ 3 ] in contrast with the special cases below.
The diagonals of an isosceles trapezoid have the same length; that is, every isosceles trapezoid is an equidiagonal quadrilateral. Moreover, the diagonals divide each other in the same proportions. As pictured, the diagonals AC and BD have the same length (AC = BD) and divide each other into segments of the same length (AE = DE and BE = CE).
The two bimedians of a quadrilateral (segments joining midpoints of opposite sides) and the line segment joining the midpoints of the diagonals are concurrent and are all bisected by their point of intersection. [3]: p.125 In a tangential quadrilateral, the four angle bisectors concur at the center of the incircle. [4]
One diagonal crosses the midpoint of the other diagonal at a right angle, forming its perpendicular bisector. [9] (In the concave case, the line through one of the diagonals bisects the other.) One diagonal is a line of symmetry. It divides the quadrilateral into two congruent triangles that are mirror images of each other. [7]
More specifically, let A, B, C and D be four points on a circle such that the lines AC and BD are perpendicular. Denote the intersection of AC and BD by M. Drop the perpendicular from M to the line BC, calling the intersection E. Let F be the intersection of the line EM and the edge AD. Then, the theorem states that F is the midpoint AD.
The two diagonals and the two tangency chords are concurrent. [11] [10]: p.11 One way to see this is as a limiting case of Brianchon's theorem, which states that a hexagon all of whose sides are tangent to a single conic section has three diagonals that meet at a point. From a tangential quadrilateral, one can form a hexagon with two 180 ...
The diagonals of a cube with side length 1. AC' (shown in blue) is a space diagonal with length , while AC (shown in red) is a face diagonal and has length . In geometry, a diagonal is a line segment joining two vertices of a polygon or polyhedron, when those vertices are not on the same edge. Informally, any sloping line is called diagonal.
A rhombus is an orthodiagonal quadrilateral with two pairs of parallel sides (that is, an orthodiagonal quadrilateral that is also a parallelogram). A square is a limiting case of both a kite and a rhombus. Orthodiagonal quadrilaterals that are also equidiagonal quadrilaterals are called midsquare quadrilaterals. [2]