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Exposure is a combination of the length of time and the illuminance at the photosensitive material. Exposure time is controlled in a camera by shutter speed, and the illuminance depends on the lens aperture and the scene luminance. Slower shutter speeds (exposing the medium for a longer period of time), greater lens apertures (admitting more ...
Night photography (also called nighttime photography) is the capturing of images outdoors between dusk and dawn. Night photographers generally have a choice between using artificial lighting and using a long exposure , exposing the shot for seconds, minutes, or hours in order to capture enough light to record an image.
Long-exposure photography is often used in a night-time setting, where the lack of light forces longer exposures, if maximum quality is to be retained. Increasing ISO sensitivity allows for shorter exposures, but substantially decreases image quality through reduced dynamic range and higher noise.
Looney 11 exposure of the Moon - 1/200 second, ISO 200, f /11. In lunar photography, the Looney 11 rule (also known as the Looney f /11 rule) is a method of estimating correct exposures without a light meter. For daylight photography, there is a similar rule called the Sunny 16 rule.
The sunny 16 rule can be used in varying light by setting the shutter speed nearest to the ISO film speed and f-number according to a generalized exposure table, as: [3] [4] Tessina with exposure guide plate from the 1960s. At that time, DIN 21 was equivalent to ASA 80. After 1983, DIN 21 was ASA 100. [5]
In photography, the metering mode refers to the way in which a camera determines exposure. Cameras generally allow the user to select between spot, center-weighted average, or multi-zone metering modes. The different metering modes allow the user to select the most appropriate one for use in a variety of lighting conditions.
Proper use of tabulated exposure values is explained in detail in the ANSI exposure guide, ANSI PH2.7-1986. The exposure values in Table 2 are for ISO 100 speed ("EV 100 "). For a different ISO speed S {\displaystyle S} , increase the exposure values (decrease the exposures) by the number of exposure steps by which that speed is greater than ...
The earliest reflected-light exposure meters were wide-angle, averaging types, measuring the average scene luminance. Exposure meter calibration was chosen to result in the "best" exposures for typical outdoor scenes; when measuring a single scene element (such as the side of a building in open shade), the indicated exposure is in the approximate middle of the film or electronic sensor's ...