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Methemoglobinemia is the primary toxic effect of ethyl nitrite. [5] Due to ethyl nitrite's high volatility and faint smell, in the presence of ethyl nitrite vapors, it is easy to breath a high dose of it without realizing, resulting in methemoglobinemia, [ 6 ] which may or may not be severe, or even fatal .
The structure of a nitrile: the functional group is highlighted blue. In organic chemistry, a nitrile is any organic compound that has a −C≡N functional group.The name of the compound is composed of a base, which includes the carbon of the −C≡N, suffixed with "nitrile", so for example CH 3 CH 2 C≡N is called "propionitrile" (or propanenitrile). [1]
Propionitrile, also known as ethyl cyanide and propanenitrile, is an organic compound with the formula CH 3 CH 2 CN. It is a simple aliphatic nitrile . The compound is a colourless, water-soluble liquid.
Acetonitrile is used mainly as a solvent in the purification of butadiene in refineries. Specifically, acetonitrile is fed into the top of a distillation column filled with hydrocarbons including butadiene, and as the acetonitrile falls down through the column, it absorbs the butadiene which is then sent from the bottom of the tower to a second separating tower.
Ethyl nitrate is the ethyl ester of nitric acid and has the chemical formula C 2 H 5 N O 3.It is a colourless, volatile, explosive, and extremely flammable liquid. It is used in organic synthesis with use as a nitrating agent and as an intermediate in the preparation of some drugs, dyes, and perfumes. [1]
In organic chemistry, an ethyl group (abbr. Et) is an alkyl substituent with the formula −CH 2 CH 3, derived from ethane (C 2 H 6). Ethyl is used in the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry 's nomenclature of organic chemistry for a saturated two-carbon moiety in a molecule, while the prefix " eth- " is used to indicate the ...
Stephen aldehyde synthesis, a named reaction in chemistry, was invented by Henry Stephen (OBE/MBE).This reaction involves the preparation of aldehydes (R-CHO) from nitriles (R-CN) using tin(II) chloride (SnCl 2), hydrochloric acid (HCl) and quenching the resulting iminium salt ([R-CH=NH 2] + Cl −) with water (H 2 O).
The determining factor is typically how electron-rich or poor the nitrile is. For example: an electron-poor nitrile is a good electrophile (readily susceptible to attack from alkoxides etc.) but a poor nucleophile would typically be easier to protonate than to participate in the reaction and hence would be expected to react more readily under ...