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The paramesonephric ducts play a critical role in the female reproductive tract and differentiate to form the uterine tubes, uterus, superior vagina as well as the uterine cervix. Many types of disorders can occur when this system is disrupted ranging from uterine and vaginal agenesis to the duplication of unwanted cells of the uterus and vagina.
In the female, the paramesonephric ducts persist and undergo further development. The portions which lie in the genital cord [citation needed] fuse to form the uterus and vagina. This fusion of the paramesonephric ducts begins in the third month, and the septum formed by their fused medial walls disappears from below upward.
Paramesonephric ducts are paired ducts derived from the embryo, and for females develop into the uterus, uterine tubes, cervix and upper two-thirds of the vagina. [6] Embryogenesis of the Müllerian ducts play important roles in ensuring normal development of the female reproductive tract.
The internal genitalia consist of two accessory ducts: mesonephric ducts (male) and paramesonephric ducts (female). The mesonephric system is the precursor to the male genitalia and the paramesonephric to the female reproductive system. [8] As development proceeds, one of the pairs of ducts develops while the other regresses.
m, m. Right and left Müllerian ducts uniting together and running with the Wolffian ducts in gc, the genital cord: m. Müllerian duct, the upper part of which remains as the hydatid of Morgagni; the lower part, represented by a dotted line descending to the prostatic utricle, constitutes the occasionally existing cornu and tube of the uterus ...
The uterovaginal primoridium, which is a fusion of the caudal ends of paramesonephric ducts, contacts the dorsal wall of the urogenital sinus and, induces the formation of the sinus tubercle. This occurs in both sexes: In the female, the mesonephric duct loses all association with the gonad and
Embryos are formed with Wolffian and Mullerian ducts, which will either become the male or female reproductive tract, respectively. [8] In a male embryo, the testicular cords will induce the development of the Wolffian duct into the vas deferens, epididymis and the seminal vesicle and cause the repression and regression of the Mullerian duct. [4]
As a component of the female reproductive system, the cervix is derived from the two paramesonephric ducts (also called Müllerian ducts), which develop around the sixth week of embryogenesis. During development, the outer parts of the two ducts fuse, forming a single urogenital canal that will become the vagina, cervix and uterus. [14]