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Dexmedetomidine, sold under the brand name Precedex among others, is a medication used for sedation. [4] Veterinarians use dexmedetomidine for similar purposes in treating cats, dogs, and horses. [ 10 ] [ 11 ] It is also used in humans to treat acute agitation associated with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder . [ 5 ]
Medetomidine is a racemic mixture of two optical or stereoisomers, levomedetomidine and dexmedetomidine. [4] The latter causes the alpha 2- adrenergic agonist effects. [5] It is often used as the hydrochloride salt, medetomidine hydrochloride, a crystalline white solid that can be administered as an intravenous drug solution with sterile water.
This multi-page article lists pharmaceutical drugs alphabetically by name. Many drugs have more than one name and, therefore, the same drug may be listed more than once. ...
They are mainly used in research, having found limited clinical application in human medicine. They are extensively used in veterinary medicine to reverse the effects of alpha-2 agonist drugs used as sedatives, like xylazine, medetomidine and dexmedetomidine. Alpha-2 blockers increase noradrenaline release.
PS75 is an experimental analgesic drug which acts as a functionally selective alpha-2A adrenergic agonist, with a K i of 8.2nM and an EC 50 of 4.8nM at the α 2A receptor. In animal studies it was found to produce analgesia but without the sedation typical of older drugs acting at this target such as dexmedetomidine.
When the enantiomerically pure version of medetomidine (dexmedetomidine) was released, it was sold at 0.5 mg/mL, because it was twice as strong as medetomidine. As such, 1 mL of atipamezole also reverses 1 mL of dexmedetomidine. [10] [12]
Detomidine is a sedative with analgesic properties. [3] α2-adrenergic agonists produce dose-dependent sedative and analgesic effects, mediated by activation of α2 catecholamine receptors, thus inducing a negative feedback response, reducing production of excitatory neurotransmitters.
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